True vs False Labor
Contractions often felt in the front of abdomen, irregular with no cervical change.
False Labor
First Stage of Labor has how many phases?
2 phases
Latent & Active
Phases of a contraction
3 phases
increment (build up)
acme (peak/ highest intensity)
decrement ( descent/ relaxation)
Normal FHR Baseline
110-160
Acidic or Alkaline
1) Vaginal fluid pH is___________.
2) Amniotic fluid pH is ___________.
1) vaginal fluid= acidic
2) amniotic fluid= alkaline (nitrazine turns blue/ pH 6.5-7.5)
True labor is characterized by?
Regular contractions, increasing in frequency, intensity and duration with cervical change.
Characterized by 10 cm with active pushing.
Second Stage
Period between the end of one contraction and the beginning of another contraction.
period of relaxation
Moderate variability indicate
a well oxygenated fetus.
Presenting part at the maternal ischial spines
0 Station (Engagement)
Contractions may slow down with position changes or walking
False labor
Client remains talkative, contractions every 5-10 min, lasting 30-45 seconds and the nurse is able to indent the fundus at the peak of contractions.
First Stage of Labor: Latent Phase
1) Beginning of one contraction to the end of the contraction.
2) Beginning of one contraction to the beginning of the next contraction.
1) Duration
2) Frequency
Characterized by symmetrical, gradual decrease in FHR, with onset, nadir and recovery occurring at the same time as the onset, peak and recovery of a contraction.
Early Deceleration (Head Compression)
Pelvic exam indicates the presenting part is 2 cm below the ischial spines.
+2 station
Contraction pain starts in the back and radiates to the front of abdomen.
True Labor
6-10 cm, contractions every 2-5 min lasting 40-60 sec. with moderate intensity on palpation.
First Stage: Active Phase
Contractions are responsible for ___ & ___ the cervix.
thinning & dilating
Abrupt decrease in FHR below baseline, can have U, V, W shapes or other variable patterns.
Variable (Cord Compression)
The fetus bilateral hips flexed and legs extended straight up in utero.
Frank Breech
Contractions are 5 min apart, last 45-60 sec, strong and patient is unable to have a conversation during contractions. What does the nurse instruct the client to do?
Go to the hospital/ birth center
This stage is characterized by the birth of the placenta.
Third Stage
Fetal heart tones are best auscultated at the fetus's 1)_____.
On Leopold's the fetus is breech (head up) and the back is palpated on the mother's right side. The nurse places the u/s transducer on the client's 2)______ abdominal quadrant to best hear the fetal heart tones?
1) back (Leopold Maneuver 2)
2) RUQ
Gradual decrease in FHR that occur after the contraction
Late Deceleration (Placental Insufficiency)
The baby's head is delivered and the occiput is facing up and towards the mother's right side.
ROA