Airway
Upon arriving to any patient, what three bodily systems do you check first?
“ABC”: Airway, Breathing, Circulation
What is the medical term for a heart attack?
Myocardial infarction (or “MI”)
Solid organs like the liver, spleen, and kidneys can bleed extensively when lacerated in a trauma accident. Which quadrant of the abdomen is the liver located in?
Right upper quadrant
Which condition is likely when signs of hypotension, tachycardia, and cool, clammy skin are found?
Shock
Paramedics provide what type of support that EMTs cannot?
Advanced Life Support (ALS)
A pulse oximeter is used to measure what vital sign?
Oxygen saturation
In a cardiac arrest, why are high quality CPR and ventilations necessary?
To maintain proper oxygenation and blood flow to essential organs (e.g. the brain)
Name this potentially lethal condition that can be caused by a blunt force (car accident), medical condition (ulcer) or external object (knife or bullet).
Internal bleeding
What is the standard adult dose of Aspirin?
325 mg (4 x 81 mg pills)
The term “patient autonomy” refers to:
The patient's right to accept or refuse medical care. Even if the patient is having a life-threatening medical condition, a patient cannot be forced to allow treatment or transport.
The most common airway obstruction is the ______.
Tongue
What are the three signs someone needs CPR?
Not breathing, no pulse, unresponsive
You arrive on the scene of an electrician who fell from a ladder while working on an external AC unit on a fifth floor window of Pardee. You should open this patient's airway by using:
A. Head-tilt/chin-lift
B. Jaw thrust maneuver
C. Neck-lift/head-tilt
D. Head-tilt/jaw-thrust
B. Jaw thrust maneuver
You are called to a local park for a football player who’s feeling sick. It’s an oppressively hot mid-August day and the humidity is high. When you arrive, you notice your patient is semiconscious and his skin is flushed, hot, and moist. Your first action in the management of this patient should be to:
A. begin rapid cooling measures.
B. ensure an open airway.
C. administer high-flow oxygen.
D. move him to a cool area.
D. move him to a cool area.
You’re called to a shady part of Phillipsburg for a gang-related shooting victim. Dispatch does not know whether or not the scene is safe. What two things should you do upon arrival?
1. Park at a safe distance and remain inside the ambulance
2. Request police assistance
A man finds his 59-year-old wife unconscious on the couch. He states that she takes medications for type II Diabetes. He further tells you that his wife has been ill recently and has not eaten for the past 24 hours. Your assessment reveals that the patient is responsive to painful stimuli only. You should:
A) Quickly assess for the presence of a medic-alert tags
B) Administer 100% oxygen via a non rebreather mask
C) Open and maintain her airway and assess breathing
D) Administer oral glucose between her cheek and gum
C) Open and maintain her airway and assess breathing
The chest pain associated with cardiac compromise often is described as:
A) Sharp
B) Stabbing
C) Pressure
D) Cramping
C) Pressure
A naive freshman didn’t know that the Ultimate Frisbee team likes to practice on the Quad. While crossing to Skillman, the student was struck in the side of the head by a heavy, competition-weight frisbee. You quickly respond in the QRS and begin to assess the patient for head injury. During your assessment, what factor will provide you with the most information regarding the student’s condition?
A. Pupil size
B. Heart rate
C. Mental status
D. Blood pressure
C. Mental status
You’re called to New Oeschle for an A&S professor complaining of a severe headache. Which of the following symptoms would be the most concerning?
A. Pain in both legs
B. Chest discomfort
C. Unilateral weakness
D. Abdominal tenderness
C. Unilateral weakness
Upon immobilizing a patient’s neck/C-spine, in what order should the rest of a patient be secured to a backboard?
“THE”: Torso first, Head second, Extremities last
You have just arrived on scene to a call of a man down. A man is lying prone on the sidewalk outside of a bar and there are several bystanders who say they witnessed him just fall over forward. As you check his pulse and respirations you find that he is breathing shallow at about 8 per minute and his pulse is 112. What would be the proper choice of action?
A) Shake him to see if he wakes up, take his blood pressure, and put a c-collar on him
B) While maintaining c-spine precautions, log roll to a supine position and open his airway
C) Do a rapid trauma assessment and then take his blood pressure
D) Ask the bystanders if he had been drinking and then log roll him onto a backboard
B) While maintaining c-spine precautions, log roll to a supine position and open his airway
You’re dispatched to a Metzger for a 21 y/o female athlete who has an elevated pulse of 156. When you ask what she was doing, she says, “I was just doing sprints at practice.” From the given information, what do you suspect?
Nothing - her elevated bpm is in the normal range for someone who’s exercising.
You arrive at a single-vehicle MVA where a 42 year-old male has run off the narrow, curvy road by Bushkill Creek and struck a tree. You’re concerned about your patient’s neurological condition and decide to use the Glasgow Coma Scale to test his eye opening response (scored 4 to 1), verbal response (scored 5 to 1), and motor response (scored 6 to 1). What are the six motor responses your patient might demonstrate, in order of best to worst?
1. Obeys commands
2. Moves to localized pain
3. Flexion withdrawal
4. Abnormal flexion
5. Abnormal extension
6. No response
Hypoglycemia and acute ischemic stroke can present similarly because:
A. both oxygen and glucose are needed for brain function.
B. the majority of stroke patients have a history of diabetes.
C. the most common cause of a stroke is hypoglycemia.
D. they are both caused by low levels of glucose in the blood.
A. both oxygen and glucose are needed for brain function.
You arrive on the scene, finding an unconscious patient. There are no other individuals in the vicinity to give any other information or permission to treat the patient. Even though the patient cannot give you consent to treat him, you begin to do so because of:
A. Expressed consent
B. Implied consent
C. Good Samaritan
D. Emergency consent
B. Implied consent