Soil
Soil is made of
Organic material, inorganic material, air, water
What is erosion?
movement of sediment
What is the surface layer of the Earth called?
The crust
What type of boundary occurs when plates move towards one another?
Convergent
How do glaciers form?
What can affect soil formation?
Climate, rock type, slope, time, biological activity
What is deposition?
Dropping of sediment
What is the second layer of the Earth called?
What type of boundary happens when plates move away from one another?
Divergent
How can a mountain form?
Convergent or divergent plate boundaries
What is the last step of soil formation?
The soil develops soil horizons, as each layer becomes progressively altered.
Give 3 examples of chemical weathering
Rust, acidic rain, water
What is the driving force of plate tectonics?
Convection of the mantle
Describe what plate tectonics is.
Plate tectonics is a scientific theory that explains how major landforms are created as a result of Earth's subterranean movements. ... In plate tectonics, Earth's outermost layer, or lithosphere—made up of the crust and upper mantle—is broken into large rocky plates.
How do volcanoes form?
At subduction zones, the plate going under is melted and creates a pock of magma. It comes to the surface.
Describe the O horizon
Made of humus, top layer of soil
Give four examples of physical weathering
Gravity, water, wind, ice
Describe seafloor spreading
The mechanism for moving continents; the formation of new seafloor at spreading ridges pushes lithospheric plates on the Earth's surface.
What type of boundary happens when two plates move parallel to one another?
Transform
How do trenches form at the bottom of the sea?
At convergent plate boundaries.
Describe the B horizon
Subsoil, deposits of minerals and salts
Give examples of biological weathering
Roots, lichens, humans, animals
Triangulation
The continents fit together, similar fossils found on different continents, identical rocks found on different continents, coral reefs, ancient coal beds
How do Loesses form?
Deposits of silt from glaciers are blown by the wind to create hills.