Westward Expansion
Gold
This term refers to the post-Reconstruction South's efforts to industrialize and modernize.
The New South
This term, coined by Mark Twain, refers to the era of rapid industrial growth and wealth, but also underlying social problems.
Gilded Age
A refusal to work organized by many employees as a form of protest, typically in an attempt to gain a concession from their employer.
Strike
These journalists exposed social problems and corruption.
Muckrakers
This technological achievement, completed in 1869, connected the East and West coasts of the United States
The Transcontinental Railroad
This system of agricultural labor tied poor farmers, usually African American, to land through debt.
Sharecropping
These powerful industrialists, like Rockefeller and Carnegie, dominated various industries in the Gilded Age
Robber Barons
This violent strike outside of Chicago, involving railroad workers, disrupted transportation across the country.
This book, written by Upton Sinclair, exposed the unsanitary conditions in the meatpacking industry
The Jungle
This act, passed in 1862, gave 160 acres of land to anyone who would farm it for 5 years.
The Homestead Act
These discriminatory laws, legalized through the Plessy v Ferguson decision, segregated African Americans.
Jim Crow laws
This economic philosophy, prevalent during the Gilded Age, emphasized free markets and no government intervention.
Laissez-Faire Capitalism
Union
This movement advocated for the banning of alcohol.
Temperance Movement (or Prohibition movement)
This law attempted to forcefully assimilate Native Americans into white culture by dissolving tribal ownership of land.
The Dawes Act
This prominent African American leader challenged Booker T Washington's approach and advocated for immediate social and political equality.
W.E.B. DuBois
This form of business organization, where a single entity controls a large segment of the industry, became common during the Gilded Age
Monopolies OR Trusts
This labor protest turned violent after a makeshift bomb was thrown into the crowd of police officers. Ultimately the Knights of Labor were blamed.
Haymarket Riot
This Progressive-Era president went after almost 3x as many trusts as Teddy Roosevelt, largely under the Sherman Antitrust Act.
Howard Taft
Sitting Bull and other Lakota Sioux successfully defended the Black Hills from U.S. Troops at this 1876 battle.
Battle of Little Bighorn
This form of public violence, frequently used against African Americans in the South, was intended to intimidate and terrorize. (Hint: Ida B. Wells worked to publicize these events)
Lynching
This term refers to a policy that benefits the interests of American-born folks over immigrants.
Nativist
This labor union, founded by Samuel Gompers, focused on improving wages and working conditions for skilled workers (it still exists today!)
The American Federation of Labor (AFL)
This constitutional amendment granted women the right to vote.
19th amendment