Supreme Court Cases 1
Established the concept of 'judicial review,' that the function of SCOTUS was to review constitutionality of cases and laws.
What is Marbury v Madison
Established the right of Congress to pass laws 'necessary and proper' to conduct business.
What is McColluch v Maryland?
Determined that the Supremacy Clause of the Constitution meant that Federal Govt. is supreme over State Govt.
What is Gibbons v Ogden.
Determined that slaves were not citizens, but constitutionally protected property of their masters.
What is Dred Scott v Sanford?
Businesses that serve the public interest (railroads) are subject to regulation by state government.
What is Munn v Illinois?
Established the concept of 'separate but equal,' the idea that the races could be separated if given equal treatment.
What is Plessy v Ferguson?
Speech that presents 'clear and present danger' to the security of The United States violates the principles of the First Amendment.
What is Schenck v United States?
Determined that free speech could not be restricted by a state.
What is Near v Minnesota?
Struck down Roosevelt New Deal laws that interfered with a worker's 'right to contract.' Caused FDR to suggest the idea of 'court packing' or expanding the number of justices on the SCOTUS.
What is West Coast Hotel v Parrish?
Struck down the idea of 'separate but equal' public schools which led to the end of segregation.
What is Brown v BOE Topeka, KS?
Evidence obtained illegally, without a search warrant cannot be used against a defendant in court.
What is Mapp v Ohio?
SCOTUS ruled that public institutions like schools cannot require prayer.
What is Engel v Vitale?
SCOTUS determined that the Constitution does not confer a right to abortion; that authority belongs to the people and their elected representatives.
What is Dobbs v Jackson.
SCOTUS ruled that government must provide free legal counsel in any care where imprisonment for over six months is possible.
What is Gideon v Wainwright?
To win in a libel case, public figure must prove 'actual malice' or that falsehoods were knowingly published on the part of the writer.
What is New York Times v Sullivan?
SCOTUS determined that the Constitution implies a right to privacy in matters of contraception between married people.
What is Griswold v Connecticut?
SCOTUS determined that upon arrest, suspects must be made to know of their rights, i.e., "the right to remain silent."
What is Miranda v Arizona?
This ruling struck down laws that prohibited interracial marriage.
What is Loving v Virginia?
SCOTUS determined that school dress codes did not violate the Constitution but that dress code rules could not violate the right to expression.
What is Tinker v Des Moines?
SCOTUS determined that the Constitution did not guarantee a fundamental right to an education.
What is San Antonio Independent School District v Rodriguez?
SCOTUS ruled the the implied right to privacy protects a woman's choice in matters of abortion.
What is Roe v Wade?
SCOTUS determined that neither the separation of powers, nor confidentiality can sustain unqualified immunity from judicial processes.
What is United States v Nixon
The Constitution protects desecration of the flag as a form of symbolic speech.
What is Texas v Johnson?
Allowed 'frisking' to take place if circumstances justify the belief that a person is 'armed and dangerous.'
What is Terry v Ohio?
SCOTUS found the Constitution protects the right to reject life preserving medical treatment; state governments can regulate if the regulation is reasonable.
What is Cruzan v Missouri Department of Health.