Tectonic Plates
What is the name of the tectonic plate where the Ring of Fire is located?
Pacific Plate
Which two plate types are more likely to cause an earthquake?
Transform and convergent
Give a definition for 'landform'
Describe what a 'hotspot' is.
Places where volcanic eruptions occur away from plate boundaries. This occurs when there is a weakness in the oceanic plate which allows the magma to come to the service.
List the eight orientation points on a compass rose in order in a clockwise direction.
N, NE, E, SE, S, SW, W, NW
List the three main types of plate boundaries.
Divergent, convergent and transform
What is the main hazard when there is an earthquake in a coastal region?
Tsunami
Give two examples of a coastal and oceanic landforms
Beach, spit, headland, dunes, natural arch, etc
What is the most famous example of volcanoes created from a hotspot?
Hawaii
What is BOLTSS?
Border, orientation, legend, title, scale, source
Which plate is more likely to form a subduction zone?
Convergent plate
Where do the majority of the world's earthquakes occur?
Along tectonic plate boundaries
Identify three different landforms
Rivers, mountains, hills, valleys, beaches, etc
Explain how a volcano forms at a divergent plate boundary.
Plates pull apart from each other allowing magma to rise to the surface. This creates a new crust. The rift in the crust is where magma then rises in an eruption.
What is 'weathering'?
The process of altering, weakening and breaking down of rock minerals and structures through physical and/or chemical processes.
Which plate boundary is more likely to cause the formation of a volcano? Explain the process of the volcano forming.
Divergent. The plates pull apart. The magna rises to the surface and creates a new crust. The magna may rise to the surface through the gap in the crust.
Provide three impacts of an earthquake
Buildings collapse, death, disease (through polluted waterways and food), flooding, etc
Describe the process of the creation of valleys, gorges or canyons.
Erosion gradually wears down the land by water and wind. Rivers grind down the rocks and soil to create a valley.
What are two social advantages of living near a volcano?
Fertile soil = good crops and nutritious food
Increased tourism = improved job opportunities and higher standard of living
Give a definition for 'erosion'.
The breakdown of rocks into rock fragments, soil and mineral particles which is then moved/transported by erosional agents such as wind, water and ice.
What is a subduction zone?
The area where one plate slides under another plate and returns the crust to the mantle.
Give a definition of 'focus', 'epicentre' and 'seismic waves'.
Focus: where the earthquake begins
Epicentre: the point immediately above the focus on the surface of the earth
Seismic waves: the energy radiating out in waves from the epicentre
Describe the process of the formation of 'buttes'
1. Originally part of an area of flat high land
2. Streams or rivers cut through the plateau
3. Hard top layers (called caprock) resist weathering and erosion, maintaining their height
4. Continue to be worn away by the abrasion action of sand and the wind
Provide three examples of the economic impacts of volcanoes (positive or negative).
Income from tourism
Creation of precious gems
Fertile soil for farming
Expense of recovery after an eruption
Damage to businesses
Additional examples may be correct
Describe what 'economic' means and give an example.
Refers to money and the economy. Can include business earnings, jobs and employment.