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Definition: Words that include/exclude people (“we, us” vs. “they, them”).
Inclusive/Exclusive Language
Definition: A question asked for effect, not an answer.
Rhetorical Question
Definition: Placing two contrasting ideas/images side by side.
Juxtaposition
Definition: Repetition of a word/phrase at the beginning of successive clauses.
Anaphora
Definition: Polite or mild expression used instead of something harsh.
Euphemism
Definition: Giving animal qualities to humans, objects, or ideas.
Zoomorphism
Definition: An abrupt shift from serious/poetic to trivial/silly.
Bathos
Definition: Two contradictory terms placed together.
Oxymoron
Definition: A group of words related in meaning within a text.
Lexical Field / Semantic Field
Definition: Opposite of euphemism — blunt/harsh expression.
Dysphemism
Definition: Direct contrast of two opposing ideas in balanced structure.
Antithesis
Definition: Extended metaphor where the whole text has symbolic meaning.
Allegory
Definition: Short, simple sentences placed side by side without subordination.
Parataxis
Definition: Omitting conjunctions between parts of a sentence.
Asyndeton
Definition: A reversal in the structure of words/phrases for effect.
Chiasmus