Place/Time
Combination of sounds of two phonemes
Language contact
Local communities do this to reinforce their local identity and distinguish it from the general dialect.
What is performance register?
Should we care about endangered languages?
Yes!!
Is there research being conducted in the field of linguistics?
Yes!!
T/F: Migration has had a large impact on dialect distinctions.
False
People using two or more languages in conversations.
What is code-switching?
Type of performativity that corresponds to a man lowering his voice to be more authoritative
What is voice quality?
The type of language you might use when talking to a close friend, characterized by a relaxed and informal style.
What is informal speech?
T/F: Sociolinguistic norms refer to a group of people who share social conventions.
True
Series of vowel phonemes undergoing reorganization
What is vowel shifts?
A smaller speech community is in some way restricted from interacting with the large surrounding speech community that shares the same language
What is social isolation?
T/F: The upper class has the highest rate of increased usage of prestige forms out of all of the classes
False, it is the second-highest class that has the highest rate of increased usage of prestige
This pair of words includes "hello" when you answer the phone and "goodbye" when you hang up.
What are conversation openings and closings?
Define standard and nonstandard dialects.
Standard is more formal, taught in school. Nonstandard is more informal, more broken.
An isogloss is a line that can be drawn on a map separating geographical areas where a linguistic feature is preferred over another. What is an isogloss bundle then?
A group of isoglosses
Why is Quebec French different from European French?
English has strong influence on the french speaking community and a lot of words are borrowed into French
The primarily-used indicator of class
What is occupational prestige?
This term refers to the language variety that is considered normal… its typically used in formal education, and in broadcasting.
What is standard language?
What is the difference between an accent and slang?
Both refer to dialects but accent refers only to pronunciation and slang is a phrase.
What are two examples of vowel shifts discussed in the presentation?
Northern Cities Shift and California Shift
How does Smith Island develop their own localized English?
They are physically isolated from the mainland and have their own unique dialects and lifestyle
Street credibility garnered from not speaking standard English
What is covert prestige?
This method studies how people use language in their everyday lives to uncover the unwritten rules of conversation within different cultures
What is Ethnomethodology?
Referring to the word soda pop, people of Inland North call it pop while people from the South call it coke. This is an example of what type of variance?
Lexical term variance