Intro + Issues
The three behavioral correlates in the "central language-thought" segment of Nation & Aram's SLPM
What are comprehension, integration, and formulation?
The more times you hear a word, the lower is its logogen's ___________________
What is activation threshold?
Layperson's term used to refer to instances when older people know what to say but cannot retrieve the corresponding word(s)
What is/are "tip of the tongue" (moments)?
You are pretty. They are kind. We are good.
(a picture of a happy family is shown and you are asked to produce a sentence)
What is syntactic priming?
One theory that explains why older people have word retrieval problems
What is the transmission deficit hypothesis?
Term used to refer to models which consider linguistic processes to be separate from cognitive processes?
What is domain-specific?
One theory explaining how we manage to comprehend morphologically complex words. Entries are as such: kain (+ rules for derivation), nandito, nandoon, nandiyan
What is the dual-pathway hypothesis
Model where each word is represented as multiple but parallel "units" that are spread out across these three "modules"/systems: conceptual-semantic; articulatory-motor; acoustic
What is Nadeau's parallel distributed processing model?
Identifying word boundaries. Identifying words' classes or types; Identifying the structure of a sentence. Identifying which phrases or words serve as agent(s)/patient(s).
What is (syntactic) parsing?
Theory of syntactic parsing that considers semantic and pragmatic information to be processed at the same time as syntactic information.
What is the one stage, parallel model of syntactic parsing?
Term used to refer to models that have processes which feature both feedforward and feedback mechanisms
What is interactive?
Process involving the search of our mental "library of words" for the phonological word form that matches what was heard
What is phonological input lexicon?
Key concept in Dell's model which explains why semantically and/or phonologically related words may be produced instead of the target
What is competition?
Process depicted in the "positional level" of Garrett's model. S (det + n) + V ("is" + V-ing) + O (det + n)
What is syntactic frame (selection)?
Mechanism that allows the verb to act as a prime for the other parts of the sentence. For example, in "I love her", the verb love (v.) is known to take an <agent/someone> (S) and a <patient/something> (O)
What are thematic roles?
(less preferred but acceptable: what is predicate-argument structure? / what are arguments?)
Phonemes, morphemes, "words", lemmas (semantic lexical items), phonological word forms, phrases, sentences, etc.
What are information units?
Type of access file (Forster's model) implicated in this word recognition error: pointing to one's "bag" instead of "bug"
What is (a/the) phonological (access file)?
Way to circumvent the orthographic output lexicon in order to spell words that have never been seen/read
What is the oral spelling (phonological to graphemic conversion) route?
The young... guide... --> /the young guide/
The young... guide... the old ---> /the young/ guide / the old
What is the garden-path phenomenon?
Aspect/Domain of language processed through the interaction of the "articulatory-motor" and "acoustic" modules?
What is phonology?
Process/box in the SLPM which involves the decoding of speech sounds with the purpose of converting them to linguistic representations
What is comprehension?
Way to circumvent the orthographic input lexicon when attempting to read foreign words that have been encountered/seen for the first time - e.g. the Chinese word "sheng-dan-jie"
What is the sublexical route?
Key concept in Dell's model which explains why phonological information ("later") can influence lexical item selection ("earlier") and cause errors like rat --> cat to be more likely than rat --> mouse
What is feedback?
"Box" in Garrett's model implicated in this error: Kumain ng bata yung tinapay
What is the functional level?
What is the phonological output lexicon?