Intro
A key feature of language that describes the relationship between most FORM-MEANING pairs.
What is the feature of arbitrariness?
A type of morpheme that cannot stand on its own as a word.
What is a bound morpheme?
The word we use to describe a string of words that "go together".
What is a constituent?
A term we use to describe words like and, or and not.
What are logical connectives?
Words like that, whether, and if are examples of this type of word.
What is a complementizer?
A key feature of language focusing on the fact that an utterance is composed of smaller parts.
What is the feature of discreteness?
The type of morpheme that goes around (an)other morpheme(s)-
What is a circumfix?
The top node in a tree.
What is a Tense Phrase (TP)?
The type of semantic relation that relies on shared background assumptions, which must be true in order for a statement to be true or false in the first place.
What is a presupposition?
The class of morphemes which is always class-maintaining.
What are inflectional morphemes?
The theory-neutral term referring to one's mental grammar, i.e., accounting for speakers' linguistic abilities.
What is linguistic competence?
The term we use for different realizations of a morpheme depending on context.
What is an allormorph?
The notion that syntactic elements can infinitely repeat within each other.
What is recursion?
The principle stating that the meaning of a sentence is determined by the meanings of the words it contains and the way they are combined.
What is the principle of compositionality?
The term for a word where initials are pronounced as letters.
What is an initialism?
An approach to language that evaluates language use against certain views of what it means to speak properly.
What is prescriptivism?
The type of morphological process where words are built by attaching affixes to a root.
What is concatenation?
The element in a tree which is a child of and a sibling to a X'-level.
What is an adjunct?
The diagnostic that allows you to identify implicatures from entailments and presuppositions.
What is being cancellable?
A construction of the form It was ... that ... which can be used as a test of constituency.
What is a cleft sentence?
The theory positing that sentences are generated by an unconscious set of procedures (rules), which allow us to generate utterances that have never been spoken before.
What is Generative Grammar?
The words outcome and redhead are examples of this type of compound.
What is an exocentric compound?
The element in a tree that is always a phrase and which is a sibling to the head and a child to the X'-level.
What is a complement?
The Gricean Maxims which are not the Maxim of Manner and the Maxim of Quantity.
What are the Maxim of Quality and the Maxim of Relevance?
The hypothesis positing that the structure of a language influences how its speakers perceive the world around them.
What is the Sapir-Whorf Hypothesis?