Confirms the diagnosis and identifies the type of malignancy
What is visual examination of the larynx (laryngoscopy) and biopsy
100
Only the affected vocal cord is removed, other structures remain intact
What is Partial laryngectomy
100
Heavy cigarette smoking, chronic laryngitis, habitual overuse of voice, exposure to industrial pollutants, heredity
What is Predisposing factors of laryngeal cancer
200
Incidence
What is men past age 50
200
Used to detect metastasis and to determine tumor size
What is computed tomography (CT) scanning and chest radiography
200
Both vocal cords removed along with the hyoid bone, epiglottis cricoid cartilage, and two or three rings of the trachea.
What is Total laryngectomy
200
where laryngeal cancer usually spreads to
What is adjacent neck structures and cervical lymph nodes
300
Where it starts
What is vocal cords
300
Endoscopic laser removal followed by radiation, and/or partial laryngectomy with temporary tracheostomy
What is Treatment for a localized tumor
300
Used to guide placement of tracheostomy tube- Keeps stoma open in case of emergency
What is an Obturator
300
What larynx consists of
What is epiglottis, glottis, vocal cords, thyroid cartilage, cricoid cartilage
400
Persistent hoarseness, cough, dysphagia, pain when talking, neck edema
What is Early signs and symptoms
400
Total laryngectomy with permanent tracheostomy, radical neck dissection (removal of thelymph nodes, muscles, and adjacent tissues), and/or laser surgery.
What is treatment for advanced cancer
400
What to hold open stoma with if outer trach tube falls out
What is a rubber-tipped hemostat
400
Methotrexate
What is a common chemotherapy drug used in laryngeal cancer
500
dyspenea, weight loss, weakness, anemia
What is Late signs and symptoms
500
Requires regurgitation of swallowed air and formation of words with lips
What is Esophageal speech
500
A throat vibrator held against the neck that projects sound into the mouth; words are formed with the mouth
What is an electrolarynx
500
Internal radiation therapy- radioactive material placed directly into or near cancer