HSS
The concept that people with HIV who have an undetectable viral load cannot transmit the virus.
What is U = U (Undetectable = Untransmittable)?
This cell surface receptor allows HIV to enter and infect CD4 T cells, especially during early stages of infection.
What is CCR5?
A combination of these 2 types of drugs should be started for initial therapy
What are NRTIs + Integrase Inhibitors?
What disease is Pneumocystis jirovecii know for causing in patients with HIV?
Pneumocystis Pneumonia
This family of signaling proteins allows CD4+ T helper cells to direct the activity of macrophages, cytotoxic T cells, and B cells.
What are cytokines?
About 1.2 million people in the U.S. are living with HIV. Roughly what percentage of them don’t know it and need testing?
What is 13%?
This is the transmission rate of HIV for patients with zero viral load.
What is 0%.
When adherence is a concern, these drugs are used in place of Integrase Inhibitors for initial therapy
What are Protease Inhibitors?
What is the CD4 level marker for Pneumocystis jirovecii infection in a patient with HIV?
CD4 < 200/uL
When CD4+ T cell-mediated immunity fails, these two types of pathogens - normally controlled by cell-mediated responses - cause most opportunistic infections.
What are viruses and fungi?
The missing step in the HIV Care Continuum:
diagnosis → ______ → starting ART → retention in care → adherence → viral suppression?
What is linkage to care?
This category of virus uses reverse transcriptase to convert RNA to DNA.
Retrovirus (lentivirus also accepted)
This occurs when patients do not adhere to their ART prescriptions
What is Resistance?
What drug is used to treat Pneumocystis jirovecii infection?
TMP-SMX
This encapsulated yeast that is associated with pigeon droppings is a known cause of opportunistic infections in patients with CD4 counts less than 100 cells/mm3.
What is Cryptococcus?