Heart Smarts
52. Characteristics of normal sinus rhythm include:
A. P wave followed by QRS and T wave, regular rhythm at 60-100 bpm
64. The main characterization of type 1 diabetes mellitus is:
D. There is an absence of endogenous insulin
75. For thoracentesis the nurse should position the patient:
C. Sitting and leaning forward over the bedside table
73. Expected findings in a client with psoriasis include:
D. Silvery scales
57. The nurse must give 3 mg of a medication available as 5 mg/2 mL. How many mL should be administered (nearest tenth)?
C. 1.2 mL
53. A normal age-related change that increases older adults’ susceptibility to cardiovascular disease is:
D. Heart valves thicken and become stiffer
54. When lack of insulin raises blood glucose and osmolality, a direct result is:
B. Polydipsia
65. A rising PaCO2 in a patient with COPD is best interpreted as:
C. Respiratory acidosis has begun
59. To prevent toxoplasmosis a patient with HIV should avoid:
B. Cat litter boxes
58. The nurse must give 0.2 g of a medication available as 15 mg/0.5 mL. How many mL should be calculated (nearest tenth)?
C. 6.7 mL
51. The best explanation of a transesophageal echocardiogram (TEE) is that it:
C. Evaluates the efficiency of the valves
56. Adrenergic symptoms of hypoglycemia that a nurse might assess include:
C. Headache and tachycardia
72. A patient receiving morphine has a shallow irregular respiratory rate of 6 breaths/min. The nurse should:
D. Notify the provider and prepare to administer naloxone (Narcan)
61. Which laboratory value for a client with HIV should the nurse report to the provider?
B. CD4-T-cell count 140/mm³
74. After total hip replacement, the intervention that best prevents prosthesis dislocation is:
C. Do not adduct or flex the affected hip more than 90 degrees
67. Teaching for a patient with hemophilia should include:
B. Avoid contact sports and activities that increase risk of tissue injury and bleeding
55. NPH insulin given at 0730 is expected to peak within:
C. 6 to 10 hr
71. The LPN is told the client has respiratory acidosis. The expected ABG values are:
C. pH 7.25, PCO2 50 mm Hg
60. A patient with HIV taking Retrovir (zidovudine) should be especially observed for:
D. Jaundice
62. After below-the-knee amputation with an elastic stump bandage, which finding alerts the nurse to a possible complication?
A. Pitting edema above the bandage
69. During the end-organ dysfunction stage of shock, respirations caused by falling blood pressure and impaired circulation are expected to be:
B. Rapid and shallow
66. The best explanation of hemoglobin A1c to a patient with type 2 diabetes is that it:
B. Shows what the glucose level has done over the past 120 days
70. ABG results are pH 7.6, PaCO2 40 mm Hg, HCO3 32 mEq/L. The acid-base imbalance is:
C. Metabolic alkalosis
68. Thirty minutes after pre-op atropine the client has a very dry mouth, flushed dry skin, temperature 101.5 °F, and heart rate 113. The most appropriate nursing action is to:
D. Recognize these as normal side effects of the drug
63. Among several patients with above-the-knee amputations, which should the nurse assess first?
A. A patient who refuses to move the leg at all