Forming Subjunctives
How do you form the imperfect subjunctive (either active or passive)?
infinitive + personal endings
(deponent is slightly different)
existimārēris
(existimō, existimāre, existimāvī, existimātum)
3rd person | singular | imperfect | passive | subjunctive
laudārēminī
(laudō, laudāre, laudāvī, laudātum - to praise)
you all [might/may/could/should] be praised
Which part of the following conditional sentence is the "protasis?"
Sī aborēs nunc cōnserēmus, tum frūctūs quotannīs habēbimus.
Sī aborēs nunc cōnserēmus
Identify the indirect command in the following sentence:
Cōnsul nōs hortātur ut patientiam habeāmus.
ut patientiam habeāmus
How do you form the present subjunctive (either active or passive)?
present stem + we beat a liar + personal endings
perfūderim
(perfundō, perfundere, perfūdī, perfūsum)
1st person | singular | perfect | active | subjunctive
audiant
(audiō, audīre, audīvī, audītum - to listen)
they [might/may/could/should] listen
Which part of the following conditional sentence is the "apodosis?"
Mitte cōpiās continuō, sī bellum ab hoste dēclarātur.
Mitte cōpiās continuō
Which is primary sequence and which is secondary sequence?
a. main verb is in the past tense (perfect, pluperfect, future perfect)
b. main verb is non-past (present, imperfect, future)
a. main verb is past = secondary
b. main verb is non-past = primary
How do you form the perfect and pluperfect active subjunctive?
perfect stem + eri + personal endings
perfect stem + isse + personal endings
sustentī sīmus
(sustineō, sustinēre, sustinuī, sustentum)
1st person | plural | perfect | passive | subjunctive
caperētur
(capiō, capere, cēpī, captum - to capture)
he/she/it [might/may/could/should] be captured
Translate the following conditional sentence:
Mitte cōpiās continuō, sī bellum ab hoste dēclarātur.
Send troops immediately, if war is declared by the enemy.
If war is declared by the enemy, (then) send troops immediately.
If the main verb is non-past (primary sequence), fill in the blanks for what tense the subjunctive would be:
_______________ for incomplete action
_______________ for complete action
present for incomplete action
perfect for complete action
How do you form the perfect and pluperfect passive subjunctive?
4th principle part + sim
4th principle part + essem
pugnēmur
(pugnō, pugnāre, pugnāvī, pugnātum)
1st person | plural | present | passive | subjunctive
īrētis
(eō, īre, īvī/iī, ītum - to go)
you all [might/may/could/should] go
Translate the following conditional sentence:
Sī id aedificābis, venient.
If you (will) build it, (then) they will come.
If the main verb is past (secondary sequence), fill in the blanks for what tense the subjunctive would be:
_______________ for incomplete action
_______________ for complete action
imperfect for incomplete action
pluperfect for complete action
Form as many of the subjunctives for habeō, habēre, habuī, habitum (2nd person singular) as you can.
(100 points each, and the other team can do the rest for points too).
habeās | habeāris
habērēs | habērēris
habuerīs | habitus sīs
habuissēs | habitus essēs
captum essētis
(capiō, capere, cēpī, captum)
2nd person | plural | pluperfect | passive | subjunctive
ferrēmur
(ferrō, ferre, tūlī, lātum - to carry)
we [might/may/could/should] be carried
Translate the following conditional sentence:
Mēnsa dōlium nōn sustinēbit, nisi stabilis erit.
The table will not support the large wine jar, unless it is stable.
Translate the following sentence, which contains an indirect command.
Cōnsul nōs hortātur ut patientiam habeāmus.
The consul encouraged us to have patience.