1st Declension Endings
Nominative singular ending
-a
Example: puella
Nominative plural ending
-ae
Example: Puellae. Translation?
First person singular (present tense)
-o
Example: Laudo
3rd person plural (present tense)
-nt
Example: laudant
What is the nominative case used for in Latin?
Subject of the verb
Genitive singular ending
-ae
Example: Puellae
Genitive plural ending
-arum
Example: puellarum
2nd person singular (present tense)
-s
Example: Laudas
What is the present stem of the infinitive "Laudare?"
Lauda-
What is the genitive cased used for?
Possession
You can put "of" in front of the noun
Dative singular ending
-ae
Example: Puellae
Dative plural ending
-is
Example: Puellis
3rd person singular (present tense)
-t
Example: Laudat
1st person singular (imperfect tense)
-bam
Example: Laudabam
What is the dative case used for?
Indirect object
"To" or "For" can generally go in front of the noun"
"I bought roses for my mom"
Accusative singular ending
-am
Example: Puellam
Accusative plural ending
-as
Example: puellas
1st person plural (present tense)
-mus
Example: Laudamus
3rd person singular (imperfect tense)
-bat
Example: laudabat
What is the accusative case used for?
Direct object of the verb
"I bought an apple"
Ablative singular ending
Long -ā
Notice the macron above the letter
Example: puellā
Ablative plural ending
-is
Example:
Puellis
2nd person plural (present tense)
-tis
Laudatis
3rd person plural (imperfect tense)
-bant
Example: laudabant
Instrumental case. Ablative case can take a preposition.
Example: "I ate dinner with him"