Density Basics
This term describes how much mass is in a given volume.
Density
What happens to particles when a material is heated?
They move faster and spread out
Circular motion caused by heating and cooling is called a __________.
Convection Current/Cell
Plates move away from each other at this type of boundary.
Divergent boundary
Large pieces of Earth’s crust and upper mantle are called __________.
Tectonic plates
The formula used to calculate density.
Density = mass ÷ volume
Heating causes density to __________.
Decrease
Convection occurs in the __________ of Earth.
Mantle (Asthenosphere)
Plates collide or one plate sinks at this type of boundary.
Convergent boundary
Tectonic plates float on this soft mantle layer.
Asthenosphere
If two objects have the same volume, the one with more mass is __________.
more dense
Cooling causes particles to move __________ together.
Closer
Besides heat, what two factors keep convection currents moving?
Desity & Gravity
Plates slide past each other at this type of boundary.
Transform boundary
Rising mantle is associated with which boundary type?
Divergent boundary
More dense materials usually do this.
Sink
When particles move closer together, the material becomes more __________.
Dense
Does hot magma rise or sink?
Rise
Which boundary can produce mountains, volcanoes, and trenches?
Convergent boundaries
Sinking mantle is associated with which boundary type?
Convergent boundary
Earth’s layers formed because materials separated based on this property.
Density
Explain why hot material rises and cold material sinks.
Hot material is less dense and rises; cold material is more dense and sinks
Why do convection currents in the mantle never stop?
Earth still has internal heat from its formation and radioactive decay
Which boundary creates new crust, mid-ocean ridges, and rift valleys?
Where do most usually occur?
Divergent boundary
The ocean
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Explain how convection in the mantle causes tectonic plates to move.
Heat from Earth’s interior creates convection currents in the mantle. Hot, less dense mantle rises and cool, more dense mantle sinks. This movement, along with gravity, pushes and pulls tectonic plates, causing them to move.