Vocabulary
Natural Selection v. Artificial Selection
Evolution
Fossils
Rapid Fire Q
100
What is evolution?
CHANGE in a population OVER TIME
100
Which of the following is NOT an example of natural selection?
a. people breeding horses to run faster
b. bacteria populations becoming resistant to antibiotics
c. insect populations developing resistance to certain pesticides
d. male birds of certain species developing colorful feathers to attract female mates
A. People breeding horses to run faster
100
Only _____ can evolve not _____
Populations, Individuals
100
What is a fossil?
The remains of something that was once alive?
100
Which of the following questions will allow you to determine if a population of organisms are MOST LIKELY a result of natural or artificial selection?
A. How similar are the organisms to their parents?
B. Were the organisms produced by sexual or asexual reproduction?
C. Do the organisms have traits that are valuable to humans but are poorly suited to the wild?
D. How many different traits are there in the population of organisms?
C
200
What does the term "survival of the fittest" mean?
The organisms BEST ADAPTED will survive to reproduce
200
Which of the following statements correctly describe selective breeding? Select all that apply.
Desired traits are selected by humans
Traits are inherited from parents
Process that occurs naturally
Organisms change their traits based on the environment
Results in a change in genetic traits of a species
Always increases species’ chance for survival
Desired traits are selected by humans
Traits are inherited from parents
Results in a change in genetic traits of a species
200
Which traits are more likely to be passed on from parents to offspring?
Traits that make an organism be seen easily by predators
- Traits that a dominant because they are better
Traits that help organisms survive and reproduce
Traits that are recessive
3. Traits that help organisms SURVIVE and REPRODUCE
200
Which fossil layer is the youngest?
The one with Mammals (top layer)
200
A farmer wants to breed only gray peacocks since he can sell them for more money than the regular peacocks. What is the BEST question to ask to determine the effects of breeding the gray peacocks?
A. Can the farmer make enough money breeding only gray peacocks?
B. What kind of food do the gray peacocks need for healthy breeding?
C. Will the gray peacocks be more aggressive than the regular peacocks?
D. Are there risks of negative traits being passed on when breeding gray peacocks?
D.
300
What is artificial selection/selective breeding?
Humans select traits they want
*this usually does not match with what is "best fit" for environment so these organisms may be unsuccessful in nature
300
Which is NOT a result of selective breeding?
a. Large seedless watermelons that consumers demand
b. An insect that matches the color of the environment
c. Bright oranges that are all about the same size
d. A dog that has been bred to have short hair
B. An insect that matches the color of the environment
**this would help the organism survive and reproduce so fit for its environment, camouflage
300
The dark moths are increasing and the light moths are decreasing
300
Which layer is the most distantly related to modern organisms?
4. Distant means far so the oldest layer
300
An animal welfare group wants to know if the effects of selectively breeding cows to produce more milk is bad for the cows. What would be the BEST question the group could ask to determine the effects of selectively breeding the cows?
A. What does the milk of the selectively bred cows taste like?
B. What is the diet the cows are fed in order to produce milk?
C. Are there negative traits in the selected cows of the cow population?
D. Can you make more money by producing the cows with the desired traits?
C.
400
What is the Law of Superposition?
In sedimentary rock the oldest rock layers are on the bottom
400
A group of giraffes are separated from their original population. They are in a new environment where there is only access to tall tress. What physical change would you expect to see over many generations?
The giraffes with longer necks would survive and reproduce and eventually there would be a greater number of giraffes with long necks.
400
The four birds shown in Figure A, B, C, and D are all found on one island environment. A group of biologists relocate half of the bird population resembling the bird in figure A to a new environment, where food sources are different than those present in their current environment. What changes might a scientist expect to see in the species from figure A?
A. The species would adapt over time and would become extinct.
B. The species would not adapt over time and would become extinct.
C. The species would not adapt over time and would begin displaying adaptations in their beaks to allow them to consume a new food source.
D. The species would adapt over time and would begin displaying adaptations in their beaks to allow them to consume a new food source.
The species would adapt over time and would begin displaying adaptations in their beaks to allow them to consume a new food source.
400
What environmental change most likely happened based on the rock layers?
It changed from water to land
400
Which of the following questions would be MOST helpful in gathering information about the uses of selective breeding?
A. How long does it take dogs to reproduce and birth puppies?
B. What traits in a chicken would be beneficial for humans?
C. How do wild cactus plants reproduce in the desert?
D. Why do peaches only grow in the summer?
B. If you see a lot of beneficial traits for humans and not for animals/nature then you could assume it would be artificial selection
500
What is the relationship between variations and adaptations? Define each term and explain the difference.
Variation: Differences in traits
Adaptation: A feature that helps an organism survive in its environment
Variations are adaptations ONLY if they help the organism survive. Think about the moths, variation in their color (dark/light) BUT only one is an adaptation (camouflage).
500
Create an argument to support which student is correct and why
Student A is correct. I know this because Student A's model shows variation (differences) in the beginning population. Some bacteria survived and reproduced while other bacteria died off
500
The chart below shows data from a bird population over a four-year period. Use the data in the chart to predict what would happen to one of the bird populations
1. The green birds and red birds were favored when the habitat changed at year 2
2. The blue birds and yellow birds were NOT favored when the habitat changed at year 2
3. It is likely that the populations of green and red birds will continue to grow in year 5
4. It is likely that the populations of blue and yellow birds will continue to decline, maybe resulting in the extinction of their populations
500
The Hawaiian Islands are home to some of the most studied volcanoes on Earth. A fossil is found in a surface rock layer is of the same species as a fossil found in a deeper rock layer. However, the two fossils differ slightly in structure. Differences in the structures of the fossils indicate what?
The environment changed over time leading to different adaptations and different organisms surviving and passing on their traits
500
If a mouse population changes color from white to black over many generations, which question should be asked to determine whether the population changes are a result of natural selection or artificial selection?
A. Was there a change in the genetic traits of the mice?
B. What do humans need to keep mice healthy as pets?
C. Were the genes of the mice inherited from their parents?
D. Was there a change in the environment where the mice live?
D. Environmental changes are a cause of natural selection. If there was an environmental change that caused the environment to turn darker, it could be an advantage to be black instead of white (hide from predators).