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What does PED stand for?
Performance Enhancing Drugs.
What are the principles of training?
Guidelines that help athletes design effective training programmes to improve performance safely and efficiently.
Name the FITT principle.
Frequency, Intensity, Time, and Type.
Name the three planes of movement.
Sagittal plane, frontal plane, and transverse plane.
Name the three axes of movement.
Frontal (mediolateral) axis, sagittal (anteroposterior) axis, and vertical (longitudinal) axis.
Name one example of technology used in officiating sport.
VAR (Video Assistant Referee) (also acceptable: Hawk-Eye, goal-line technology).
What does the principle of specificity mean?
Training should be relevant to the sport or activity and target the specific muscles and energy systems used.
Name two methods of collecting performance analysis data.
Video analysis and observation sheets (also acceptable: GPS tracking, statistics recording).
State Newton’s First Law of Motion.
An object will remain at rest or move at a constant velocity unless acted on by an external force.
Give one ethical reason why PED use is banned in sport.
It creates an unfair advantage and goes against the principle of fair play.
Name one example of a performance enhancing drug.
anabolic steroids (also acceptable: EPO, growth hormone, stimulants).
What is glycogen?
The stored form of carbohydrates in the muscles and liver.
What is the difference between a scalar and a vector quantity?
A scalar has magnitude only, while a vector has both magnitude and direction.
Name one example of technology used in training.
GPS tracking (also acceptable: heart rate monitors, video analysis software).
What is the purpose of a recovery meal?
To replenish energy stores and help repair muscles after exercise.
Give one example of a barrier to female participation in sport.
Lack of role models in certain sports (also acceptable: unequal pay, limited facilities, social expectations).
Name two types of methods of practice.
Whole practice and part practice.
Name three types of feedback.
Intrinsic feedback, extrinsic feedback, and knowledge of results.
What is the main role of electrolytes in sport?
They help maintain fluid balance and support muscle and nerve function.
Name one effect of dehydration on performance.
Reduced endurance (also acceptable: fatigue, decreased concentration, cramping
List the components of health-related fitness.
Cardiovascular endurance, muscular strength, muscular endurance, flexibility, and body composition.
Name one reason for lower female participation in sport.
Lack of media coverage (also acceptable: stereotypes, limited opportunities, cultural barriers).
What is the purpose of performance analysis in sport?
To identify strengths and weaknesses in performance and to help improve future performance through feedback.
Give one advantage and one disadvantage of using technology in sport.
What is knowledge of performance?
Feedback about how well the skill was performed, focusing on technique rather than the outcome.