Smear
Spherocytes on smear with a positive osmotic fragility test.
What is hereditary spherocytosis?
Schistocytes (helmet cells) on smear.
What is microangiopathic hemolytic anemia (TTP/HUS/DIC)?
Pencil cells with microcytosis and anisopoikilocytosis.
What is iron deficiency anemia?
Oval macrocytes with hypersegmented neutrophils.
What is megaloblastic anemia (B12 or folate deficiency)?
Giant platelets on smear in isolated thrombocytopenia.
What is immune thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP)?
Sickled cells with Howell-Jolly bodies in a patient with recurrent pain crises.
What is sickle cell disease?
RBC agglutination (clumping) at cold temperature.
What is cold agglutinin disease?
Basophilic stippling in a child with abdominal pain and neuro changes.
What is lead poisoning anemia?
Target cells with chronic liver disease.
What is macrocytosis from liver disease?
Atypical lymphocytes after viral infection.
What is infectious mononucleosis (or post-viral leukopenia)?
Bite cells and Heinz bodies seen after oxidative stress.
What is G6PD deficiency?
Spherocytes without central pallor in autoimmune destruction.
What is warm autoimmune hemolytic anemia?
Dimorphic RBCs with Pappenheimer bodies and ringed sideroblasts in marrow.
What is sideroblastic anemia?
Dysplastic, bilobed neutrophils (“pseudo-Pelger-Huët cells”).
What is myelodysplastic syndrome?
Absence of granulocytes with severe neutropenia.
What is agranulocytosis?
Target cells and basophilic stippling in a Mediterranean patient.
What is thalassemia?
RBC fragments from mechanical shear stress, e.g., prosthetic heart valves.
What is mechanical hemolysis?
Round macrocytes with target cells in a heavy drinker.
What is alcoholism-related macrocytosis?
Large, immature RBCs with polychromasia after hemolysis.
What are reticulocytes?
Hypersegmented neutrophils in a patient with glossitis.
What is vitamin B12 deficiency?
Teardrop cells with leukoerythroblastosis.
What is myelophthisic anemia?
Polychromasia (increased reticulocytes) after acute blood loss.
What is bone marrow response to hemorrhage?
Hypochromic microcytes but normal RDW.
What is thalassemia trait?
Howell-Jolly bodies in asplenic patients.
What is asplenia
Disease has anti-dsDNA and anti smith antibodies
What is SLE?