WI: A Land Rich in Resoursces
Getting the Minerals Out
Farming/Crops
Dairy
Timber
100
Rock that is mined because it contains valuable metal
What is ore?
100
What was minded besides lead?
Copper, iron, zinc
100
What happened when a pioneer farmer bought 40 acres of prairie land?
Cut down oak trees to build house and barn, began breaking the prairie (digging down to break up the prairie soil), plant and grow wheat/potatoes, built wooden fences to protect their field. 
100
What is the difference between the two types of churns?
The smaller churn was for home use, the larger churns were used at creameries.
100
Why was chopping down trees and cutting them into logs winter work?
It was easier then to hail the heavy logs out of the forest because the ground was frozen and covered with snow.
200
Melted so that metal can be removed from ore
What is smelted?
200
Why did lead mining die out in WI?
Because of the gold rush in Cali...gold was more valuable.
200
They say being a pioneer farmer was like having two jobs.  What were those "two" jobs?
One: Taking care of the farm (feeding the animals, planting, weeding, and harvesting)

Two: Building the farm (clearing trees and prairie sod, building farm buildings to protect the animals and tools.

200
What did Dr. Babcock invent?
A tool for testing or measuring butterfat in cow's milk.
200
Steps from woods to the mills.
First - cut, trimmed, and loaded onto a sled pulled by oxen or horses.

Second - sleds of wood were taken to the river to be transported on rafts

Third - to the mills

300
The goods, services, and money that are made and used by a group of people.
What is the economy?
300
When and where in WI did miners begin mining iron?
1855 in Dodge, Sauk, and Florence Counties.
300
What happened to wheat farming in WI by the 1860s?
Farmers were growing more than they needed on the farm so they were selling it; wheat had become an important cash crop.
300
How was dairy farming more work than raising field crops?
Dairy cows needed feed, farmers had to grow or buy feed for cows, cows needed milking twice a day every day for the year, they needed shelter during the winter, field crops needed planting and harvesting but they did not need to be fed or milked.
300
What was pulp? How was pulp made? What was it used for?
Smaller pieces of wood that didn't make good lumber. Machines made the wood into pulp. To make paper.
400
What resources did Indians use in WI?
Rocks, soil, clay, wild rice, berries, animals, fur, fish, birch bark, trees, plants
400
What were common issues in mining for workers.
Lack of air supplies, cave-ins, and explosions made the work very dangerous.
400
What other crops were grown after wheat?
Will accept the following: oats, har, corn, cranberries, potatoes, hops, tobacco.
400
Why did some farmers raise Jersey cows?
their milk has the highest butterfat.
400
What happened in the 1850s to change sawmills?
Wood was used to heat water to steam to power the saws.  Steam powered saw could work faster.
500
What natural resources did non-Indian fur traders use?
Waterways, animals, berries
500
How did Cornish miners got lead out of the ground?
First, they used shovels to dig down about seven feet.  Next, they built a platform and a windlass over the hole.  They used the windlass to pull up heavy buckets of dirt and gravel as they were digging.  When they ran into stone they pounded a steel drill to make a hole.  Into the hole, they placed blasting powder to clear it.  Then pull up the minerals.
500
What new farm animals did they begin raising? Why?
Sheep, milk cows, chickens, pigs, and cows, because they could sell the sheep's wpp;. cjoclem eggs, milk, and meat that they didn't need on their farms.
500
How did New York dairy farmers help WI farmers?
They had experience raising dairy cows and shared their experience and knowledge.
500
Why did people remove the tree stumps?
So that they could farm the land and make use of it.
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