Roman Republic
A series of wars fought between the Roman Republic and Carthaginians
What are the Punic Wars?
It included Octavian, or Augustus, controlling the west, Mark Antony, controlling the East, and Marcus Lepidus controlling the Roman territory in Africa.
What is the Second Triumvirate?
The father of Alexander the Great.
Who is Phillip II?
Farmers who became bound to the land and served the nobles.
Who were serfs?
The general of the Carthaginians during the Second Punic War.
Who is Hannibal Barca?
Augustus actively promoted these ideas of social order to bring stability and to keep Rome in a period of peace.
What are the Old Roman Virtues?
Alexander the Great' teacher who influenced him to spread Greek knowledge and culture.
Who is Aristotle?
Officials chosen by Charlemagne to run the courts. They took care of local problems, stopped feuds, protected the poor, and raised armies.
Who were counts?
Groups of soldiers that allowed Rome to expand across the the Italian peninsula.
What are legions?
Taxes placed on imported goods. There were none of these during Pax Romana, so trade increased.
What are tariffs?
A city on the nile river delta that was the center for knowledge and social advancement where Alexander was buried. (city and country)
What is Alexandria, Egypt?
The most powerful people in the Frankish empire while Charlemagne ruled. They descended from Frankish Warriors and the Roman landowners.
Who were lords/nobles?
Tax collectors that would take more than they needed and added to the increasingly worsening situation between the poor and aristocracy.
What are publicans?
Large estates that replaced small farms after the Punic Wars.
What are latifundias?
One of the seven wonders of the ancient world that showed that Alexander was powerful like the pharaohs who had pyramids built. It was was a symbol of economic wealth.
What is the lighthouse of Alexandria?
Church leaders who Charlemagne used to help manage his Empire. They served in a higher leadership role than a priest.
Who are bishops?
The Macedonians and Greeks considered these people to be barbarous.
Who are the Persians?
He led the Franks into one of the most important battles called The Battle of Tours in 732. After earning victory the battle enabled Christianity to survive in Western Europe.
Who is Charles Martel?