Roaring Twenties
Great Depression
World War II
Cold War
Civil Rights
100
This mass movement saw African Americans leave the South for jobs and opportunities in Northern cities.
What is the Great Migration?
100
This 1929 event triggered the Great Depression when stock prices suddenly collapsed.
What is the stock market crash?
100
This 1941 attack by Japan led directly to U.S. entry into World War II.
What is Pearl Harbor?
100
This economic system is based on private ownership and free markets, opposed to communism during the Cold War.
What is capitalism?
100
This 1954 Supreme Court case declared school segregation unconstitutional.
What is Brown v. Board of Education?
200
This constitutional amendment banned the production and sale of alcohol in the United States.
What is the Eighteenth Amendment?
200
This risky practice allowed investors to buy stocks with borrowed money, increasing losses when prices fell.
What is buying on margin?
200
This ideology, led by Adolf Hitler, promoted extreme nationalism, dictatorship, and racial superiority in Germany.
What is Nazism?
200
This U.S. policy aimed to stop the spread of communism around the world.
What is containment?
200
This protest began after Rosa Parks refused to give up her seat and led to a year-long boycott.
What is the Montgomery Bus Boycott?
300
This cultural movement centered in New York celebrated African American art, music, and literature in the 1920s.
What is the Harlem Renaissance?
300
These makeshift communities of homeless people were named after President Hoover during the Great Depression.
What are Hoovervilles?
300
This policy allowed the U.S. to sell war materials to Allied nations before officially entering World War II.
What is Lend-Lease?
300
This U.S. program gave economic aid to rebuild Western Europe after World War II to prevent the spread of communism.
What is the Marshall Plan?
300
This organization used nonviolent protests and was led by Martin Luther King Jr.
What is the Southern Christian Leadership Conference (SCLC)?
400
These women symbolized new freedoms in the 1920s with shorter hair, new fashions, and more independence.
Who are flappers?
400
This environmental disaster of the 1930s combined drought and poor farming practices, devastating the Great Plains.
What is the Dust Bowl?
400
This executive order authorized the forced relocation and internment of Japanese Americans during World War II.
What is Executive Order 9066?
400
This crisis led to a U.S. airlift supplying West Berlin after the Soviet Union blocked land access.
What is the Berlin Blockade (and Airlift)?
400
These protests involved students sitting at segregated lunch counters to challenge segregation.
What are sit-ins?
500
This system allowed Americans to buy goods over time, helping fuel the consumer boom of the 1920s.
What are installment plans (buying on credit)?
500
When banks failed during the Great Depression, many Americans lost this, worsening the economic crisis.
What are their savings (bank deposits)?
500
This turning point battle in the Pacific stopped Japanese expansion and shifted momentum to the United States.
What is the Battle of Midway?
500
This war was the first major military conflict of the Cold War, ending in a divided Korea at the 38th parallel.
What is the Korean War?
500
This 1964 law banned segregation in public places and discrimination in employment.
What is the Civil Rights Act of 1964?
600
This trial highlighted the conflict between modern science and religious fundamentalism over teaching evolution.
What is the Scopes Trial?
600
This belief guided Hoover’s response, emphasizing that individuals and local communities—not the federal government—should handle economic problems.
What is rugged individualism?
600
This U.S. program provided benefits like education and housing loans to returning World War II veterans.
What is the GI Bill?
600
This event brought the U.S. and Soviet Union closest to nuclear war over missiles placed in Cuba.
What is the Cuban Missile Crisis?
600
This 1965 law protected voting rights by eliminating barriers like literacy tests.
What is the Voting Rights Act of 1965?
700
These laws in the 1920s limited immigration, especially from Southern and Eastern Europe, reflecting rising nativism.
What are the Emergency Quota Act of 1921 and Immigration Act of 1924?
700
This New Deal program provided jobs for young men through public works like building parks and roads.
What is the Civilian Conservation Corps (CCC)?
700
This wartime agreement between the U.S. and Britain outlined shared goals like self-determination and free trade.
What is the Atlantic Charter?
700
This period of fear in the U.S. led to investigations, blacklisting, and accusations of communist influence in government and entertainment.
What is McCarthyism (Second Red Scare)?
700
This group organized Freedom Rides and used direct action to challenge segregation in interstate travel.
What is the Congress of Racial Equality (CORE)?
800
This period of fear over communism and radical ideas led to arrests and deportations of suspected radicals.
What is the Red Scare?
800
This New Deal law created bank protections, including insuring deposits to restore public confidence.
What is the Glass-Steagall Act (FDIC)?
800
This military strategy involved capturing key islands in the Pacific to move closer to Japan.
What is island hopping?
800
This policy under Nixon reduced U.S. involvement in Vietnam while shifting responsibility to South Vietnamese forces.
What is Vietnamization?
800
This approach, associated with Malcolm X and later groups, emphasized racial pride, self-defense, and sometimes separation rather than integration.
What is Black Power?
900
This phrase described President Harding’s goal to return the country to pre–World War I policies and less government involvement.
What is “return to normalcy”?
900
This New Deal program provided long-term financial support for the elderly, unemployed, and disabled.
What is the Social Security Act?
900
This Supreme Court case upheld the constitutionality of Japanese internment during World War II.
What is Korematsu v. United States?
900
This policy of easing tensions between the U.S. and Soviet Union led to agreements like SALT I.
What is détente?
900
This concept describes segregation that exists because of laws versus segregation that exists because of social and economic conditions.
What is de jure vs. de facto segregation?
1000
The 1920s are often called the “Roaring Twenties,” but this label mainly reflects the experiences of urban, middle-class Americans and overlooks struggles like racial violence, poverty, and discrimination faced by many others.
What is the idea that the Roaring Twenties did not reflect all Americans’ experiences?
1000
This key difference between Hoover and FDR’s responses to the Great Depression centers on Hoover’s limited government approach versus FDR’s expansion of federal responsibility through the New Deal.
What is the contrast between Hoover’s limited government and FDR’s active federal intervention?
1000
These wartime conferences between Allied leaders helped shape the postwar world and increased tensions between the United States and the Soviet Union.
What are the Tehran, Yalta, and Potsdam Conferences?
1000
This combination of internal reform in the Soviet Union and improved relations with the United States helped bring the Cold War to an end in the late 1980s.
What are glasnost and perestroika (under Mikhail Gorbachev)?
1000
This factor played a major role in shifting public opinion during the Civil Rights Movement, as Americans saw images of violence against peaceful protestors on national television.
What is the impact of televised media coverage (of civil rights protests and violence)?