Stimuli & Responses
What is a stimulus?
an event or object in the environment that causes a reaction.
This is the most famous experiment regarding classical conditioning.
Little Albert
Learning through operant conditioning is influenced by these
consequences
This starts at a very young age and can also take place unintentionally.
Observational Learning
occipital
What is a conditioned response?
Learned response or a response that was created where no response existed before.
This happens in phase 3 of classical conditioning (after conditioning)
The conditioned stimulus alone will invoke a response even without the unconditioned stimulus.
The response them becomes the conditioned response.
What are the goals of reinforcement vs the goals of punishment?
Reinforcement: increase a behavior
Punishment: decrease a behavior
this is the first stage of observational learning
attention
this is the act of dissecting something while it's still alive.
vivisection
What is an example of an unconditioned stimulus?
Student examples
He conducted the Little Albert experiment
Giving students candy for good work is an example of
Positive Reinforcement
this happens in the retention stage of observational learning.
remembering what was viewed.
these are the oldest known psychological thinkers.
Aristotle and Plato
The process by which certain kinds of experience make particular actions more or less likely.
Conditioning
These two things are paired together in phase one of classical conditioning.
Unconditioned Stimulus and Unconditioned Response
police giving a speeding ticket is an example of
positive punishment
what is a factor that increases the likelihood of a behavior being imitated?
rewards, admiration, lack of confidence, authoritative position, people who share similarities, confusing situation, etc.
This man is a famous case study of psychology. He is known for being impaled by a metal rod.
Phineas Gage
This is the idea that learning and behavior can be explained by the interaction between stimuli and the responses they cause.
Social Response Theory
He is the father of classical conditioning
Ivan Pavlov
Using an umbrella to stay dry is an example of
negative reinforcement
this is something to note about the reproduction stage of observational learning.
people have different capabilities, and all behaviors may not easily be copied.
This man was used as an example of a psychopath on the first informative slide of this class.
Jeffrey Dahmer