Ivan Pavlov
What was Ivan Pavlov awarded a Nobel Prize for?
Digestion (discovering that we salivate when we eat food)
What is Classical Conditioning?
It is the process of repeatedly pairing a neutral stimulus (one that does not elicit a reflexive response) with a stimulus that DOES elicit a reflexive response. Over time, the neutral stimulus will start to evoke the same response.
In Dr. Heinly's example, what stimulus was the Irish Spring soap ORIGINALLY?
A neutral stimulus.
What is having a type in relationships an example of?
Stimulus generalization.
True or False: Ivan Pavlov was a Psychologist.
False. He was a Physiologist (a hardcore one)
What is the Unconditioned Stimulus?
the stimulus that elicts a reflexive response.
In Dr Heinly's example, what stimulus was the crush?
the unconditioned stimulus.
What is stimulus generalization?
When 2 or more similar stimuli produce the same conditioned response.
What was Pavlov's original reason for studying dogs?
To measure how much saliva they produced while consuming food.
What is the unconditioned response
the reflex
In Dr Heinly's example, only crush = positive feelings is what type of response?
the unconditioned response.
What is stimulus discrimination?
The ability to differentiate between 2 or more similar stimuli.
How did Pavlov discover Pavlovian (classical) conditioning?
He used a metronome as a stand-in stimulus before bringing the food dish out to the dogs. Over time, the dogs began salivating at the sound of the metronome. He also tried this with other stimuli, like bells. The dogs began to associate each stimulus with "food is on the way."
Can an unconditioned stimulus become neutral?
No. It will always produce a reflexive response.
In Dr Heinly's example, Irish Spring + crush = positive feelings makes Irish Spring what type of stimulus?
the conditioned stimulus.
A dog learns to associate the crumpling sound of a bag of dog food with "food is on the way" and comes running. Later, he comes running toward the sound of a newspaper his owner is crumpling in her hand.
What is this an example of?
Stimulus generalization.
Over time, what were Pavlov's assistants concerned about that led them to replace each new set of dogs he used in his experiments?
The dogs began salivating at the sight of the food dish, even without coming into contact with it.
True or False: Classical conditioning also involves voluntary behavior.
False.
In Dr. Heinly's example, Irish Spring = positive feelings is what type of response?
the conditioned response.
A baby smiles while looking at her mother's face but not when looking at other women.
What is this an example of?
Stimulus discrimination.