Cognitive Load and Dual Process Theory
Which system of thinking would be used when deciding where to go for your next vacation?
System 2
This is the process of integrating new information into existing schema
Assimilation
SSRIs are a type of indirect agonist most commonly used to treat depression. What does SSRI stand for?
Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitor
Name or describe one of the four potential negative effects technology has on memory, mentioned in InThinking.
Digital amnesia
reduced attention span
over reliance on external storage
shallow processing
This strategy for improving memory requires reviewing information gradually over time
spaced repetition
This occurs when the combination of intrinsic, extraneous, and Germane cognitive loads exceed the brain's capacity.
Cognitive overload
These are behavioral patters learned through interactions with a certain environment
Script
These block neural receptor sites and do not allow neurotransmitters to do their job
Antagonist
The belief that people use the internet as their personal memory bank is called what?
Google effect
Since music uses the phonological loop and drawing relies on the visuospatial sketchpad, which memory model helps explain why we can multi-task?
System 1 thinking often uses "what term"; a rule or shortcut used to quickly make decisions or form judgments
Heuristics
Frederic Bartlett believed that, during the retrieval process, memories are influenced by perception, imagination, motivation, semantic memory, and beliefs. In short, he believed memories were what?
Reconstructed
This part of the brain plays a role in the creation of emotional memories
Amygdala
In Kearins (1981), indigenous and white Australian children were asked to place objects from a pile in order according to the previous arrangement they studied. Which group did better?
indigenous children
Dual Coding Theory (encoding visually and verbally) is another strategy for enhancing memory, while the strategy itself is supported by which memory model?
Working Memory Model
Which "cards" would you have to turn over to prove the following statement is true? If a male's name is on one side of the card, then there is an IB subject on the other side of the card:
John Mary Chemistry Football
John and Football
Elizabeth Loftus argued that leading questions and post-event information can influence the accuracy of recall. What is this called?
Memory loss through diseases such as Alzheimer's have been linked to declining activity in which region of the brain? This area was also found to play a role in organization and storage of memories in other parts of the brain (HM case study)
Hippocampus
Cultures in Mali, Senegal, and Australia are examples of cultures which use what to help increase memory of ancestral stories?
song/music
To help support the idea of the Multi-store Memory model, along with short-term and long-term memory, studies were done to test recall abilities of a list of words. Results showed that words at the beginning of the list were recalled the most accurately, words at the end with some accuracy, and words in the middle with little accuracy). What is this name of the theory or reasoning?
Serial position effect
Which study found that the poor are less capable of managing cognitive load not because of problems in their cognitive or biological development but because of the context of poverty.
Mani et al. (2013)
Martin and Halverson (1983) investigated the role of what in memory recall?
Antonova et al. (2011) found that this neurotransmitter (and agonist) could play a key role in encoding spatial memories in humans and mice (spelling counts!!)
Acetylcholine
"Dad may not remember the family members' birthdays because he knows Mom will remember them." is an example of what, with regard to memory?
Transactive memory system
Also known as the "memory palace technique", this strategy works by associating information with specific locations in a familiar setting.