Schedules of Reinforcement
This schedule provides reinforcement after a set number of responses.
What is a fixed ratio?
In classical conditioning, the stimulus that naturally triggers a response is called this.
What is the Unconditioned Stimulus (US)?
This type of reinforcement increases behavior by adding something pleasant.
What is Positive Reinforcement?
A dog stops responding to the word “sit” after it no longer gets treats.
What is extinction?
A stimulus similar to the conditioned stimulus fails to trigger the same response.
What is discrimination?
Reinforcement is given after a changing, unpredictable amount of time.
What is a variable interval?
Pavlov's bell is an example of this type of stimulus after learning.
What is the Conditioned Stimulus (CS)?
Removing something unpleasant to increase a behavior is called this.
What is negative reinforcement?
A person afraid of bees starts feeling anxious when hearing any buzzing sound.
What is generalization?
What type of learning occurs when a behavior is strengthened because it is followed by a reinforcer?
Operant conditioning
A worker is paid for every 10 items they produce.
What is a Fixed Ratio?
This occurs when the conditioned stimulus is repeatedly presented without the unconditioned stimulus.
What is Extinction?
Giving a student detention to decrease disruptive behavior is an example of this.
What is positive punishment?
A student studies steadily because the teacher gives pop quizzes at random times.
What is variable interval?
Who is the psychologist known for discovering classical conditioning using dogs and a bell?
Who is Ivan Pavlov?
A person checks their email randomly throughout the day and is occasionally rewarded with a new message.
What is a variable interval?
After extinction, the sudden reappearance of a conditioned response is known as this.
What is spontaneous recovery?
A behavior that disappears because it is no longer reinforced has undergone this process
What is extinction?
A child praised for answering math questions begins volunteering answers in other subjects.
What is generalization?
What’s the difference between a conditioned stimulus and a neutral stimulus?
A neutral stimulus does not trigger a response until it is paired with the unconditioned stimulus and becomes a conditioned stimulus.
This schedule leads to the highest response rate and is very resistant to extinction.
What is a variable ratio?
Before conditioning, a dog hears a bell and doesn’t react to it at all. Later, this same bell is paired with food, and the dog begins to salivate when it hears the bell. At the very beginning of this process, the bell is an example of this kind of stimulus.
What is a neutral stimulus?
What’s the main difference between classical and operant conditioning?
Classical links two stimuli; operant links behavior with consequence.
A child receives a sticker every time they clean their room. This is an example of this kind of schedule of reinforcement AND this component of classical conditioning (two answers).
What is positive reinforcement and fixed ratio?
Which psychologist is famous for the operant conditioning chamber?
Who is BF Skinner?