Learning-Powerpoints
Learning-bok
Memory-powerpoints
Memory-book
Potluck
100
When a conditioned stimulus is presented without an accompanying unconditioned stimulus, ________ will soon take place. A.aversion C.extinction B.generalization D.discrimination
What is C.extinction
100
33. You always rattle the box of dog biscuits before giving your dog a treat. As you do so, your dog salivates. Rattling the box is a ________, your dog's salivation is a ________. A.UCS; UCR C.UCS; CR B.CS; CR D.CS; UCR
What is B.CS; CR
100
Memory techniques such as acronyms and the peg-word system are called A.mnemonic devices. C.consolidation devices. B.imagery techniques.
What is A.mnemonic devices.
100
42. Which of the following measures of retention is the least sensitive in triggering retrieval? A.They are equally sensitive. C.Recognition B.Relearning D.Recall
What is C.Recognition
200
For operant conditioning to be most effective, when should the reinforcers be presented in relation to the desired response? A.immediately before C.at least a half hour before B.at the same time as D.immediately after
What is D.immediately after
200
Learning by imitating others' behaviors is called ________ learning. The researcher best known for studying this type of learning is ________. A. observational; Bandura C.secondary; Skinner B. observational; Watson D.secondary; Pavlov
What is A. observational; Bandura
200
Brenda has trouble remembering her new five-digit ZIP plus four-digit address code. What is the most likely explanation for the difficulty Brenda is having? A.Nine digits are at or above the upper limit of most people's iconic memory capacity. B.The extra four digits cannot be organized into easily remembered chunks. C.Brenda evidently has an impaired implicit memory. D.Nine digits are at or above the upper limit of most people's short-term memory capacity.
What is D.Nine digits are at or above the upper limit of most people's short-term memory capacity.
200
When Carlos was promoted, he moved into a new office with a new phone extension. Every time he is asked for his phone number, Carlos first thinks of his old extension, illustrating the effects of A.retroactive interference. C.storage failure. B.encoding failure. D.proactive interference.
What is D.proactive interference.
200
When Gordon Bower presented words grouped by category or in random order, recall was A.better for the categorized words. B.better for the random words. C.improved when participants developed their own mnemonic devices. D.the same for all words.
What is A.better for the categorized words.
300
Peter Smith is deathly afraid of the mere sight of a snake, owing no doubt to some unrecorded experience of his youth. Lately, he has become afraid of grassy places after seeing a snake crawling across a lawn. This new fear is probably the result of A. higher order conditioning C. instrumental conditioning B. discrimination learning D. smoking too much grass
What is A. higher order conditioning
300
Jack finally takes out the garbage in order to get his father to stop pestering him. Jack's behavior is being influenced by A.positive reinforcement. C.negative reinforcement. B.a primary reinforcer. D.punishment.
What is C.negative reinforcement.
300
Petersen and Petersen had subjects count backwards by 3’s to prevent A. iconic memory C. rehearsal B. echoic memory D. the serial learning effect
What is C. rehearsal
300
After discovering that her usual route home was closed due to road repairs, Sharetta used her knowledge of the city and sense of direction to find an alternate route. This is an example of A.latent learning. C.observational learning. B.shaping. D.using a cognitive map.
What is D.using a cognitive map.
300
Research on memory construction reveals that memories A.even if long term, usually decay within about five years. B.may be chemically transferred from one organism to another. C.reflect a person's biases and assumptions. D.are stored as exact copies of experience.
What is C.reflect a person's biases and assumptions.
400
Every time you taste pizza you begin to salivate. Soon you begin to salivate to the sound of the pizza delivery man ringing your doorbell. The pizza is the _________________ and the sound of the ringing doorbell is the _______________. A. operant stimulus (S); operant response (R) B. operant response (R); operant stimulus (S) C. unconditioned stimulus (UCS); conditioned stimulus (CS) D. conditioned stimulus (CS); unconditioned stimulus (UCS)
What is C. unconditioned stimulus (UCS); conditioned stimulus (CS)
400
Reggie's mother tells him that he can watch TV after he cleans his room. Evidently, Reggie's mother is attempting to use ________ to increase room cleaning. A.operant conditioning C.all of these procedures B.secondary reinforcement D.positive reinforcement
What is C.all of these procedures
400
When we are talking about long-term memory that we can actually access or retrieve, we are talking about A. available memory C. rehearsed memory B. accessible memory D. retroactive memory
What is B. accessible memory
400
31. You are expecting an important letter in the mail. As the regular delivery time approaches you glance more and more frequently out the window, searching for the letter carrier. Your behavior in this situation typifies that associated with which schedule of reinforcement? A.variable-ratio C.fixed-ratio B.variable-interval D.fixed-interval
What is D.fixed-interval
400
Jack finally takes out the garbage in order to get his father to stop pestering him. Jack's behavior is being influenced by A.positive reinforcement. C.punishment. B.negative reinforcement. D.a primary reinforcer
What is B.negative reinforcement.
500
Bill once had a blue car that was in the shop more than it was out. Since then he will not even consider owning blue- or green-colored cars. Bill's aversion to green cars is an example of A.latent learning. C.discrimination. B.generalization. D.extinction.
What is B.generalization
500
Last evening May-ling ate her first cheeseburger and french fries at an American fast-food restaurant. A few hours later she became ill. It can be expected that A.May-ling will not associate her illness with the food she ate. B.May-ling will develop an aversion to the sight of a cheeseburger and french fries. C.May-ling will develop an aversion to the taste of a cheeseburger and french fries. D.May-ling will associate her sickness with some thing she experienced immediately before she became ill.
What is C.May-ling will develop an aversion to the taste of a cheeseburger and french fries.
500
Walking through the halls of his high school 10 years after graduation, Tom experienced a flood of old memories. Tom's experience showed the role of A.echoic memory. C.state-dependent memory. B.context effects. D.retroactive interference.
What is B.context effects.
500
The spacing effect means that A.delaying retrieval until memory has consolidated improves recall. B.learning causes a reduction in the size of the synaptic gap between certain neurons. C.retention is improved when encoding and retrieval are separated by no more than 1 hour. D.distributed study yields better retention than cramming.
What is D.distributed study yields better retention than cramming.
500
48. Which of the following illustrates the constructive nature of memory? A.Although Mrs. Harvey, who has Alzheimer's disease, has many gaps in her memory, she invents sensible accounts of her activities so that her family will not worry. B.After getting some good news, elated Kareem has a flood of good memories from his younger years. C.After studying all afternoon and then getting drunk in the evening, Don can't remember the material he studied. D.Janice keeps calling her new boyfriend by her old boyfriend's name.
What is A.Although Mrs. Harvey, who has Alzheimer's disease, has many gaps in her memory, she invents sensible accounts of her activities so that her family will not worry.
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