Types of memory
Intelligence
Conditioning, classical and operant
Cognitive biases
The 7 sins of memory
100
The memory of your first day at Bucks County Community College is an example of this type of memory
What is episodic memory?
100
Mental age/chronological age x100 =this measure of intelligence.
What is the intelligence quotient, or IQ?
100
This Russian physiologist discovered that dogs could be trained to salivate at the the sound of a bell if the sound was paired with food.
Who was Ivan Pavlov?
100
Leo displays this cognitive bias when he tells his friend, "I knew our soccer team would be going to the state championship - we have the best player in the league!"
What is hindsight bias?
100
Repetition and flash cards are two examples of this type of practice.
What is maintenance rehearsal?
200
Do you remember the date when Washington crossed the Delaware River? If so,you are retrieving this kind of memory.
What is semantic memory?
200
A "culture-fair" intelligence test using abstract figures
What is the Raven Progressive Matrices Test?
200
Giving your three-year-old daughter a sticker every time she picks up her toys is an example of this form of operant conditioning.
What is positive reinforcement?
200
Annabelle refuses to go into downtown Philadelphia since she overheard a classmate talk about having her purse snatched on South Street. Annabelle forgets about the many people who go to Philadelphia and do not get robbed because she has fallen victim to this cognitive bias.
What is the availability heuristic?
200
Rochelle studies her Spanish vocabulary words every morning,because she knows that this type of practice is more effective than cramming the night before a test.
What is distributed practice?
300
How to repair a leaky faucet
What is procedural memory?
300
This psychologist proposes 8 different kinds of intelligence
Who is Howard Gardner?
300
Dash is learning how to "shake hands." When he performs the trick correctly,he gets a treat. When he ignores me, he does not get the treat. The loss of a reward is an example of this form of operant conditioning.
What is negative punishment?
300
Sharon is doing a research paper on a local political campaign. Because she supports Candidate X, she only consults sources with a favorable opinion of this candidate. Sharon's teacher tells her she will need to redo her paper because she has fallen victim to this cognitive bias.
What is confirmation bias?
300
Claire meets a woman in the Target who looks familiar,but she can't remember the woman's name. "Don't you remember me?" the woman asks. "We were both in the Zumba class at LA Fitness." This type of memory aid helps Claire remember that the woman's name is Corinne.
What is a retrieval cue?
400
A measure of explicit memory found on an essay test.
What is recall?
400
The shape of a graph illustrating the distribution of scores on an intelligence test in the general population.
What is a bell curve (normal distribution)?
400
A dog trained to sit when a bell is rung who also sits when his owner taps two glasses together to make a clinking sound is exhibiting this behavior.
What is stimulus generalization?
400
Anyone who has visited the Philadelphia Zoo remembers the unusual white lions we are more likely to remember stimuli that have this property.
What is salience?
400
The serial position effect says that you will be most likely to forget the names of the items located in this part of the series
What is the middle?
500
When you divide 6 by 3,this type of memory serves as a "work space" where you keep the numbers and signs, your memory of what these symbols mean, and the memory of how to carry out division.
What is working memory?
500
In Sternberg's triarchic theory of intelligence,this form of intelligence was most closely correlated with performance in the workplace.
What is practical (contextual) intelligence?
500
Fiona answers her phone when it plays the ringtone she has chosen for her boyfriend,but not when it plays the ringtone she has chosen for her whiny cousin Faye. Fiona's responses to the two ringtones are an example of this type of behavior.
What is stimulus discrimination?
500
Wanda, who has just bought her first house, is suffering from a common problem known as "buyer's remorse." All she can think about are the good features of the other six houses she looked at. Wanda's dissatisfaction is an example of this cognitive bias.
What is counterfactual thinking?
500
If you study for a test when you are in a good mood,but take the test the next day when you are in a bad mood because you lost your favorite scarf, you are likely to remember less of what you study because of this phenomenon.
What is state-dependent learning?
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