Bandura et al
According to the results of the study, this gender was found to imitate aggressive behavior more frequently.
What are boys?
The amount of female elephants were involved in the study conducted by Fagen et al. (2014).
What is five?
According to the study, this psychological theory explains the development of phobias.
What is classical conditioning?
the term for a consequence that increases the likelihood of a behavior being repeated
What is reinforcement?
classical conditioning is learning by
What is association?
In the aggressive condition of the experiment, these two specific behaviors are what the model exhibited towards the Bobo doll.
What is attacking the Bobo doll (mallet aggression) and making aggressive comments (verbal aggression)?
Type of conditioning was used to turn the whistle blast into a secondary reinforcer for the elephants.
What is classical conditioning?
How old the boy was who participated in the study.
What is 9 years old?
involves adding a pleasant stimulus to encourage behavior/ involves removing an unpleasant stimulus to encourage behavior.
positive reinforcement and negative reinforcement
the psychologist known for his experiments with dogs that led to the discovery of classical conditioning
Who is Ivan Pavlov?
How many children participated in the Bandura et al. study, and their age range.
What is 72 children aged 3 to 6 years?
the success criterion for the elephants to pass the training for trunk washes?
What is an 80% success rate on the full five-stepped trunk wash sequence?
The incident triggered the onset of the boy's button phobia.
What is knocking over a bowl of buttons in front of his class and teacher?
the psychologist most famously associated with operant conditioning and the use of the Skinner box in research
Who is B.F. Skinner?
the unconditioned stimulus (UCS) that naturally elicited the dogs' salivation
What is food?
The research design that was utilized in the Bandura et al. study.
What is an independent measures design with a matched participants design?
The research method was employed in Fagen et al.'s (2014) study to observe elephant behavior.
What is a controlled observation?
The measurement scale that was used to assess the treatment's effectiveness in the study.
What is the 'Feelings Thermometer'?
type of reinforcement schedule provides reinforcement after a set number of responses
What is a fixed ratio schedule?
the learned response to a previously neutral stimulus after it has been paired with an unconditioned stimulus
What is a conditioned response (CR)?
The average aggression scores for male and female subjects exposed to physical aggressive male models.
What are 25.8 for male subjects and 7.2 for female subjects?
The primary reinforcer and secondary reinforcer used in training elephants to complete trunk washes in the study by Fagen et al. (2014).
What is chopped bananas and a whistle?
The specific phobia diagnosed in the 9-year-old participant of the study.
What is koumpounophobia?
the process called when a previously reinforced behavior is weakened or eliminated due to the absence of reinforcement over time
What is extinction?
This phenomenon occurs when a conditioned response occurs to stimuli that are similar to the conditioned stimulus, but not identical
What is stimulus generalization?