History and Laws
The Brain
Types of Disabilities
Miscellaneous
Asessments
100
In 1963 Dr. Samuel Kirk established the birth of this organization in Chicago at a National Conference with a group of parents and professionals to advocate individuals with learning disabilities, their families and professionals in the field.
What is the Learning Disabilities Association of America (LDA)?
100
This is the small left area of the brain located in the inferior left frontal lobe, and is responsible for a persons speech.
What is Broca' area?
100
Confusion between the letters p and q, d and b are normal problems for young children but could be considered this Specific Learning Disability which is a disruption in phonological processing.
What is dyslexia?
100
A teacher has a student trace a letter as he sounds it out is an example of this part of multisensory training?
What is kinesthetic functioning?
100
This intelligence test is the first basis used for intelligence tests today.
What is the Binet-Simon Scale?
200
George H. Bush signed public law 101-476 which included children with Austism and traumatic brain injury which is now known as the Handicapped Act of Amendments of 1990. Explain what effects it had on the term handicapped.
What is the replacement of the word disabilities?
200
Describe Wernicke's Aphasia.
What is a disorder that originates from the small part of the left temporal lobe that causes a person to have fluent and unlabored speech, meaningless sentences and difficulties in recognizing and comprehending words?
200
Identify the three subtypes of this neurological based learning disability which causes a deficit in mathematical abilities such as trouble counting, operations with symbols and numbers and memorizing facts?
What is Quantitative, Intermediate and, Qualitative Dyscalculia?
200
Describe the importance of discrepancy in relation to the definition of a learning disabiliy.
What is discrepancy?
200
Identify the proper testing procedure when a child is suspected of having a Specific Learning Disability.
What is a Comprehensive Evaluation Report?
300
In the early 20th century Bernard Hollander a British Phrenologist and London psychiatrist (1864-1934) defined a methodology for measuring the skull and comparing the measurements with statistical averages. His main works, The Mental Function of the Brain (1901) and Scientific Phrenology (1902) In addition Hollander categorized these divisions into three broad classes:
Whar are Propensities, Intellect and Moral Sense?
300
Birth defects such as schizencephaly and macrogyria are the result of the developing brain or nervous system according to this occurance in the brain.
What is neuronal migration?
300
A child of normal intelligence who does not exhibit a medical or neurological condition but has difficulties in coordination that interfered with academic performance such as having trouble socializing, catching a ball, riding a bicycle and poor handwriting demonstrates this specific disability.
What is “clumsy child syndrome” or “developmental coordination disorder” (DCD)?
300
Two specific deficits are among a list of common characteristics for learning disabilities along with academic and Language difficulties, attention disorders, memory problems and motor problems.
What are metacognitive and social skills deficits?
300
Which assessment tool applies to this scenario: A Student has a full scale IQ of 93 on the WISC and a reading comprehension score of 53 on the WIAT which is a 30 point standard deviation difference between the two scores.
What is the IQ-Achievement Discrepancy Model?
400
The Emergent Period in 1961-1974, is distinguished by a major adoptation coined by Samuel A. Kirk.
What is the term learning disability?
400
In 1896, Dr. James Hinshelwood, an ophthalmologist in Scotland, introduced a term to describe patients with a specific reading disorder. He believed the problems they had with visual memory related to reading derived from brain injury or defects in the left language portion of the brain.
What is congenital word blindness?
400
Identify the learning disability of Jim, a student in 3rd grade who has trouble distinguishing letters, numbers and symbols, along with difficulty in spacing, and cannot begin the writing process independently and grips his pencil awkwardly making writing illegible.
What is dysgraphia?
400
Reciprocal teaching refers to an instructional activity in which students become the teacher in small group reading sessions. Teachers model, then help students learn to guide group discussions using four strategies:
What is summarizing, question generating, clarifying, and predicting.
400
This type of testing occurs for the purpose of universal screening for students to bridge the gap of academic level expectancies. It is constructed into a graphic framework and is used to divide the various tiers a student would be placed into as he or she is experiencing difficulty in reading and/or math.
What is Response to intervention?
500
Mandated a more precise definition of learning disabilities and established The establishment of the evaluation and assessment policy, provision of a means for funding educational services and most importantly established a way to assess and evaluate children with disabilities.
What is the (FAPE) Free, Appropriate Public Education Act
500
When examining two pictures of the brain, a non-dyslexic brain is asymmetrical, whereas the dyslexic brain may seem symmetrical. Since these differences appear in one of the language processing portions of the brain, this may indicate that these differences in the structure of the brain might result in differences in processing these two types of languages.
What is receptive or expressive language?
500
Dyslexic readers can have trouble in decoding ability or patterns in written languages.
What are the differences between phonological deficit and orthographic deficit?
500
Fetal alcohol syndrome, anoxia, exposure to toxic substances, congenital infections, prolonged labor.
What are different ways developmental delay can occur?
500
Tests can often exclude students with disabilities in the normative sample and items may be included that are not free of cultural bias.
What aare the disadvantages of fomal and infromal testing?
M
e
n
u