Classical Conditioning
Operant Conditioning
Stages of Memory
Forgetting
Memory Systems
100
Researcher most often associated with classical conditioning
Who is Ivan Pavlov
100
Operant Conditioning was studied by
Who is B.F. Skinner
100
Transforming incoming information into a usable form is the stage of memory called
What is encoding
100
The first person to conduct scientific studies of forgetting was
Who was Hermann Ebbinghaus
100
These memories involve intentional recollection of previous experiences
What is explicit memory
200
The BASIC characteristic of classical conditioning is that learning is
automatic & unconcscious
200
Anything that increases a behavior is known as ________ and it can be either _________ or __________
What is a reinforcer, positive, negative
200
The kind of memory that lasts for only a second or two is known as
What is sensory memory
200
Essay questions require __________ rather than _________
What is recall; recognition
200
__________ memory is made up of personal experiences, whereas __________ memory contains general knowledge information.
What is Episodic; semantic
300
Four basic components in classical conditioning
What are: US, CS, UR, CR
300
Reinforcement can be primary (innately satisfying) or secondary (_________ to be satisfying).
What is learned
300
Often, memories appear to be available but not accessible
What is tip-of-the-tongue phenomenon
300
A ___________ measure of retention requires subjects to reproduce information on their own without any cues.
What is recall
300
_________ memory is that part of long-term memory made up of conditioned responses and learned skills.
What is Implicit (Skill)
400
Stimuli like the CS come to elicit the same response
What is generalization
400
Punishment is meant to _____________ a behavior and can be either ________ or ___________
What is decrease, positive, negative
400
An unlimited capacity store that can hold information over lengthy periods of time
What is long-term memory
400
Forgetting can be measured by asking people to do these three
What are recall, recognize, relearn
400
According to Elizabeth Loftus, a __________ memory is a created memory
What is constructed
500
Recurrence of a classically conditioned response after extinction has occurred.
What is spontaneous recovery
500
The partial schedules of reinforcement are
What are: fixed (set, constant), variable (changing), ratio schedules (numbers) and interval schedules (timing
500
The correct order for the three box model or stages of memory is
What is sensory memory, short-term memory, long-term memory
500
A long-lasting increase in neural excitability at synapses along a specific neural pathway
What is long-term potentiation
500
Remembering to perform actions in the future is known as
What is prospective memory
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