Classical Conditioning
Operant Conditioning
Observational (Social) Learning
Experiments & Scientists
Vocabulary
100
Who is known as the "father of Classical Conditioning?"
Who is Ivan Pavlov?
100
What is the definition of Operant Conditioning?
What is A behavior is learned or avoided because of the result of its consequences--reinforcement is used.
100
What is the definition of Social Learning?
What is Learning from the behavior of others.
100
B.F. Skinner invented a simple device for studying the effects of reinforcers on laboratory animals
What is the "skinner box"
100
Any event or situation that evokes a response.
What is stimulus
200
What is the definition of Classical Conditioning?
What is associations are made between a natural stimulus and a neutral stimulus.
200
Operant Conditioning was developed from Edward Thorndike's idea that behaviors with favorable consequences will occur more frequently than behaviors followed by less favorable consequences. This is called...
What is the Law of Effect
200
What is the psychologist associated with social learning? Albert Bandura.
Who is Albert Bandura.
200
He conditioned an infant named Albert to react fearfully to a white laboratory rat. He proved you can classical condition emotions.
Who is John. B. Watson
200
An operant conditioning procedure in which an experimenter reinforces closer and closer approximations of the desired behavior until the animal performs the actual behavior.
What is shaping
300
What is the neutral stimulus in the Office's episode where Jim conditions Dwight?
What is the chime from Jim's computer.
300
What is the difference between positive and negative reinforcement?
What is Positive: Something is added after a response to strengthen the tendency to repeat the response in the future. Negative: something is taken away to strengthen the tendency to repeat the response in the future.
300
When a child copies the behavior of an adult that he/she has seen, we call this...
What is modeling
300
Russian scientists who discovered that he could condition dogs to salivate to a bell was the creator of what kind of learning?
What is Classical Conditioning
300
When a dog stops salivating to the sound of a bell because it is NOT being paired with food anymore is called?
What is extinction
400
What are the three steps of a Classical Conditioning experiment?
1: UCS = UCR 2: (Learning takes place) NS paired with UCS =UCR 3: CS = CR
400
What is punishment and how is it different than negative or positive reinforcement?
What is Punishment is designed to weaken a response by following the response with something unpleasant, while reinforcement is encouraging a behavior to continue.
400
What is the major distinction between social learning and classical or operant conditioning?
No specific reinforcement or punishment (food, spankng etc.) is required to make someone learn. Social learning can occur from exposure or imitation alone.
400
What is Albert Bandura's most famous experiment and what did it show?
Bobo doll experiment where children learned aggressive behavior after watching adults model hitting the doll repeatedly.
400
Bandura showed that children can learn by see the consequences of another person's behavior. For example, when the consequence is reward, the observer is more likely to repeat the behavior.
What is vicarious learning
500
While you're in the shower, someone flushes the toilet, and the water turns super hot. This happens a few times. Eventually, when you hear a toilet flush while you're in the shower you jump out the stream of water. What would we call the "toilet flushing" in this scenario?
What is the neutral stimulus
500
What is the most effective reinforcement schedule? PARTIAL (i.e. Variable), or CONTINUOUS (i.e. fixed)? Why?
What is Partial/Variable, because the subject does not know when he or she will be rewarded, so they have to keep performing the behavior.
500
Summarize what studies have shown with regards to social learning and violence
Higher levels of viewing violence on TV are associated with increased acceptance and behavior of aggression in children.
500
What category of learning does the chocolate experiment in the Big Bang Theory relate to? Why?
What is Operant Conditioning: positive reinforcement by chocolate.
500
This phenomenon occurs after a behavior has previously been extinguished.
What is spontaneous recovery
M
e
n
u