Classical Conditioning
Who is the Russian Scientist who discovered classical conditioning through experiments with dogs.
Ivan Parlov
This psychologist is known for developing operant conditioning.
B.F Skinner
This type of learning occurs without direct experience, often through observing others' behavior and consequences.
Vicarious Learning
This type of reinforcer gains value through learning, like money.
Secondary Reinforcer
In this scenario, a new employee watches her colleagues handle complex tasks and takes note of how they organize their workflow. Although she doesn't use these techniques immediately, she applies them successfully after being given a challenging project months later
Latent Learning
This type of stimulus naturally and automatically triggers a response.
The unconditioned stimulus
In operant conditioning, this increases the likelihood of a behavior recurring.
Reinforcement.
This type of learning occurs by watching and imitating others.
Observational Learning
Taking away a video game after bad behavior is this type of consequence.
Negative Punishment
This psychologist is credited with identifying learned helplessness in dogs.
Martin Seligman
The term for the learned response to a previously neutral stimulus.
A conditioned response
This type of reinforcement removes an unpleasant stimulus to increase behavior.
Negative reinforcement.
This term describes a sudden realization or solution to a problem, often associated with Köhler’s chimp studies.
Insight Learning.
This type of reinforcement is based on time intervals and remains the same.
What is a fixed interval schedule?
After several weeks of ringing a bell every time food is presented to a dog, the bell is rung without any food following it. Eventually, the dog stops salivating when the bell rings.
Extinction
A conditioned response returns after extinction, it is called this
Spontaneous Recovery
The process of reinforcing small steps toward a larger goal.
Shaping
This concept refers to a belief in your ability to succeed at specific tasks or goals.
Self-efficacy?
Giving a child candy for doing chores is an example of this.
Positive Reinforcement
In a classroom, students earn tokens for completing assignments or exhibiting good behavior. They can later exchange these tokens for extra recess time or a homework pass.
Token Economy
Occurs when an organism learns to respond differently to similar stimuli
Discrimination
This provides reinforcement after an unpredictable number of responses.
Variable Ratio
This type of learning is demonstrated by Edward Tolman's rats, which formed mental maps without reinforcement.
Latent Learning
Removing chores after good behavior is an example of this.
Negative Reinforcement.
A child is learning how to solve a puzzle. Instead of simply trying random pieces, the child analyzes the shape and color of each piece, mentally planning how to fit them together before making a move.
Cognitive Learning Theory