Ivan Pavlov has been credited with the initial discovery of
What is classical conditioning
100
The schedule of reinforcement in which a set number of responses must be made for each reward is called
What is fixed ratio
100
Operant conditioning was studied by
Who is Skinner
100
After a response has been extinguished, it will often reappear after a short time has passed. This is called
What is spontaneous recovery
100
Learning is best defined as
What is a relatively permanent change in behavior due to past experience.
200
In Pavlov's experiments with dogs, the conditioned stimulus was the
What is the bell
200
In __________ reinforcement, the reinforcer follows every correct response
What is continuous
200
If you have a snake phobia because you once heard a loud noise while looking at a snake, for you a snake is a(n)
What is Conditioned Stimulus (CS)
200
A punisher can be
What is any consequence that reduces the occurrence of a behavior.
200
Which pioneering learning researcher highlighted the antisocial effects of aggressive models on children’s behavior?
Who is Bandura
300
The unconditioned stimulus, by definition, leads to a(n)
What is the unconditioned response
300
The greatest degree of resistance to extinction is typically caused by a __________ schedule of reinforcement.
What is variable ratio
300
If the conditioned stimulus is presented many times without reinforcement, we can expect
What is extinction
300
A team coach who benches a player for poor performance is using
What is punishment
300
Children may learn behavior by imitating parents and other models. This type of learning is called
What is observational learning.
400
In a classic experiment, "Little Albert," a very young boy, was conditioned to be afraid of a rat. He also became fearful of white furry rabbits and bearded men. This is an example of
What is generalization
400
Becoming addicted to gambling is related to the effects of
What is partial reinforcement
400
A series of responses that gradually approach a desired pattern of behavior are called
A cognitive representation of the layout of one's environment.
What is a cognitive map.
500
When a stimulus acquires the power to elicit a response as a result of being paired with a stimulus that already produces the response, this has occurred
What is classical conditioning.
500
Two schedules of reinforcement that produce the highest rates of response are
What is variable ratio and fixed interval
500
Punishment is most effective in suppressing behavior when it is (Hint: 2 characteristics)
What is immediate and severe.
500
A puppy has begun to cry and bark in order to be let into the house. To extinguish this response, you would
What is ignore the crying, letting the puppy in when quiet.
500
Learning that occurs but is not apparent until there is an incentive to demonstrate it.