Classical Conditioning
Operant Conditioning
Types of Reinforcement
Box of Chocolates
Cognitive Learning
100
His experiments on dogs led to a better understanding of the classical conditioning process.
Who is Ivan Pavlov?
100
His research with rats and pigeons in an operant chamber developed a better understanding of learning is related to reinforcements and punishments.
Who is B.F. Skinner?
100
This reinforcement is absolutely essential for survival, such as food, water, etc.
What is a primary reinforcement?
100
Famous researcher of social learning whose experiments determined that children were learning behavior by watching the aggressive actions of adults.
Who is Albert Bandura?
100
The researchers work with rats in a maze created a better understanding of how organisms use mental maps as strategies to solve problems.
Who is E.C. Tolman?
200
Method of conditioning in which associations are made between a natural stimulus and a learned, neutral stimulus.
What is classical conditioning?
200
When reinforcement is given after a desired act is performed a fixed number of times
What is a fixed ratio schedule?
200
_________________ strengthens the response because it is presented or given to the animal.
What is positive reinforcement?
200
Form of social learning where we learn patterns of behavior by watching others and deciding what to imitate.
What is observational learning?
200
Learning that is not obvious but goes under the surface
What is latent learning?
300
The stimulus which automatically or naturally elicits a response is called _____________________.
What is a unconditioned stimulus?
300
If an organism is given a reinforcement after a desired act occurs following a fixed amount of time.
What is a fixed interval schedule?
300
The two favorite research animals of B.F. Skinner?
What are pigeons and rats?
300
In addition to forming cognitive maps, rats in mazes also used techniques for solving problems called ____________.
What are strategies?
400
Previously neutral stimulus that has been associated with a natural stimulus is called the _____________________.
What is the conditioned stimulus?
400
Generally, animals who perform in a circus learn their tricks by being rewarded in steps leading up to the desired response.
What is shaping?
400
The schedule of reinforcement wherein the number of responses varies before reinforcement is given.
What is a variable ration schedule?
400
Researcher who inspired operant conditioning research with his studies of how quickly cats could escape a puzzle box.
Who was Thorndike?
400
A mental image of where one is located in space.
What is a cognitive map?
500
Learning to tell the difference between one event or object and another, the reverse of generalization is called _______________________.
What is discrimination?
500
_________________________ strengthens the response because it is stopped or removed.
What is negative reinforcement?
500
Schedule in which reinforcement occurs after as desired act is performed following a variable amount of time.
What is a variable interval schedule?
500
The two major types of observational learning.
What are observation and imitation?
500
Beliefs about our ability to perform an action and to get a desired reward.
What are expectancies?
M
e
n
u