The first requirement of Classical condition, this stimulus naturally evokes a response.
What is the unconditioned response?
100
Most often associated with classical conditioning, this Russian physiologist was famous for his studies with dogs.
Who is Ivan Pavlov?
100
This area of the brain is responsible for many decision making processes and conscious, controlled thinking.
What is the prefrontal cortex?
100
These are voluntary responses that are strengthened by reinforcement.
What are operants?
100
Type of conditioning based on rewards and learning the interaction between actions and consequences.
What is operant (or instrumental) conditioning?
200
A phenomenon that occurs when a person becomes habituated to a stimulus and larger doses are required.
What is tolerance?
200
Philosopher and biologist who came up with a theory regarding children and how they learn from their environment.
Who is Jean Piaget?
200
This area of the brain is vital for learning, and acts as a center for creation and consolidation of memories.
What is the hippocampus?
200
This is a stimulus or event that that increases the frequency of a response it follows.
What is a reinforcer?
200
When what you learned earlier interferes with what you learn later.
What is proactive inhibition?
300
A phenomena in which the conditioned response disappears after the disappearance of the of the
What is extinction?
300
This man shaped the way modern theorists think about instrumental behavior
Who is B.F. Skinner?
300
Process in which neural connections that aren't used frequently are diminished or disintegrate.
What is synaptic pruning?
300
This process increases the probability or frequency of a response by removing a stimulus, rather than the addition of one.
What is negative reinforcement?
300
This occurs when cognitive structures are modified because new information or new experiences do not fit into existing cognitive structures.
What is accommodation?
400
When a person learns to differentiate between two stimuli in a classical conditioning scenario.
What is stimulus discrimination?
400
An important early behaviorist, this man was the first to formulate the law of effect.
Who is Edward Thorndike?
400
A rapid proliferation of synapses that is responsible for the increased number of synapses in young children.
What is synaptogenesis?
400
In this form of punishment, a person must return the environment to the state it was before the misbehavior.
What is restitution?
400
According to the theory, behavior is learned through modeling (direct observation), or through reinforcement.
What is the social learning theory?
500
Most theorists agree that this principle is the determining factor in classical conditioning; the conditioned stimulus must occur when the unconditioned stimulus is likely to follow.
What is contingency?
500
This man suggested that learning involved a change in knowledge rather than a change in behavior.
Who is Edward Tolman?
500
These neurons fire when an individual takes part in an action or watches another person do that action. These allow infants as old as 1-2 days to imitate adult facial expressions.
What are mirror neurons?
500
In this form of learning, it becomes apparent that individuals know intrinsically that certain stimuli do not associate well with each other.
What is aversion learning?
500
A research technique for studying memory by measuring the amount of time it takes to learn material and comparing it to the amount of time it takes to relearn material later. The decrease in time represents an indication of original learning.