Diagnostic Testing
What are three diagnostic studies?
blood work
scans
biopsy
All samples must be labeled with:
PTs name, d.o.b., account number
date and time it was drawn
initials of who drew the sample
site source is required for some specimens
PET scan use radioactive tracers to detect what?
cancer metastasis, neurological disorders in the brain, utilized in myocardial perfusion
Name 5 factors that can cause stress
overall health, age, life experience (PTSD), support system, financial loss, cultural and spiritual stressors, hardiness, childcare, developmental level, unmet basic needs
define the alarm phase of GAS
a stressor is introduced and forces the body out of homeostasis
Patient Bill of Rights: a Patient has the right to ________, ___________, or __________ any diagnostic test
consent, question, refuse
5 types of blood sample diagnostic studies
ABG, CBC, chemistry panel, coagulation, cardiac enzymes
a Pt is NPO for __ hrs priro to the PET scan procedure
4 hrs
tiny amounts of stress can be good for the body. T or F
true
define the resistance phase of GAS
the body fights back against the stressor to try returning to homeostasis
pre-testing phase in order:
Patient preparation and instructions
Procedure is scheduled
Psychological preparation- claustrophobia (MRI)
Obtain consent when indicated
Provider order required
Documentation
Patient and family education
Provider order required
Procedure is scheduled
Patient preparation and instructions
Obtain consent when indicated
Patient and family education
Psychological preparation- claustrophobia (MRI)
Documentation
point of care testing (POC) examples
glucose monitoring, CBC, rapid strep, occult stool, covid
After a PET scan, the Pt is to increase _____ intake and avoid ______ _________ and __________
fluid, pregnant women, children
A lot of stress can be good for the body. T or F
false
define the exhaustion phase of GAS
stressor is still present, may experience tiredness, depression, anxiety, feeling unable to cope
give 3 examples of nursing considerations/interventions for the testing phase
Standard Precautions
Prep Patients for procedure
Maintain Safety
Monitor Vitals
Give Medication
Assist the provider
Specimen Collection/label
Documentation
Assess your PT for what allergy before performing a CT scan with contrast?
shellfish allergy
What must you assess for after an angiography?
vital signs
eustress is _____ stress
good
define and give an example of Negative feedback system
body fights changes in homeostasis to return to normal
insulin released by body to counteract rising BG
name 3 nursing considerations/interventions for post-testing phase
Post-procedure assessment
Intervention r/t results or problems from procedure
Post-procedure discharge instructions
Documentation
Provider provides test results to client.
Notify provider of abnormal results
what are some nursing considerations when preparing a Pt for an MRI?
no metal in the room, assess for claustrophobia and give meds for relaxation
a pt is not allowed to _______ for 24hrs after an endoscopic procedure
drive
General Adaptation Syndrome (GAS) occurs when certain adaptive hormones are released and causes changes in structure and chemistry of the body.
There are 3 phases, what are they
Alarm phase
resistance phase
exhaustion
define and give and example of positive feedback system
intensifies a change in the body
release of oxytocin in childbirth