Microbe-Host Interactions
Disturbance in health of an individual
What is disease?
An infectious disease that exhibits a relatively steady frequency over a long period in a particular geographical location
What is endemic?
Born with, always present, non-specific
What is innate defenses?
Killers of virus infected cells and tumor cells
What is cytotoxic T cells?
Tissue transplanted from one site on an individual's body to another site on their body
What is autograft?
Microbes that do not normally reside in the microbiota and are just passing through, most are harmless
What is Transient Microbes?
Refers to the collecting, analyzing, and reporting of data on the rates of occurrence, mortality, morbidity, and transmission of infections
What is surveillance?
Examples include peristalsis, coughing, sneezing, and swallowing
What is physical defense behaviors?
Specific regions of an antigen that a lymphocyte recognizes and responds to
What is epitopes?
The universal recipient blood type
What is AB+?
When an infection spreads to several sites and tissue fluids, usually in the blood steam
What is systemic infection?
The number of persons who die of the disease divided by the number of persons infected. Based on persons who receive no treatment
What is case fatality rate (CFR)?
Amplifies other immune responses. Main functions include Opsonization, chemotaxis, and membrane attack
What is complement cascade?
Part of cellular and humoral immunity. Stimulates B cell division and differentiation
What is helper T cells?
Causes inflammation. Also known as Immune Complex Hypersensitivity
What is type III hypersensitivity?
Diseases such as Toxoplasmosis, Other: HepB,AlDS,chlamydia, Rubella, Cytomegalovirus, Herpes simplex virus
What is TORCH diseases?
As a doctor during London’s soho neighborhood cholera epidemic (1854) made a map indicating cholera cases in the area to represent his hypothesis for the spread of that disease
What is John Snow?
Functions or steps include chemotaxis, binding, engulfing, lysosomal fusion and destruction
What is phagocytosis?
Present on the surface of B cells
What is IgD?
Characterized by a defect in the thymus, T-cells do not mature, and cellular defenses are diminished
What is Digeorge syndrome?
General state in which microbes are multiplying in the blood and are present in large numbers
What is septicemia?
Those that have affected the human population in the past but are now becoming more prevalent due to travel, habitat invasion, or the development of drug resistance
What is reemerging diseases?
Produced during viral infection and interfere with virus replication
What is interferons?
A function of antibodies where antibodies block binding sites
What is neutralization?
A disease that causes progressive debilitating damage to joints
What is rheumatoid arthritis?