Actions
this muscle flexes the knee and planter flexes the ankle
gastrocnemius
this muscle extends the first toe, dorsi flexes the ankle and inverts the foot
extensor hallucis longus
this muscle flexes the 2nd through 5th toe, weak plantar flexor and inverts foot
flexor digitorum longus
what is the menisci of the knee
fibrocartilaginous discs attached to the tibial condyle
-distribute weight and friction
-you can palpate the medial meniscus just above the edge of the medial tibial plateau
where is the plantar calcaneonavicular ligament(spring) located
medial side of the foot
-stabilizes medial longitudinal arch of the foot
this muscle medially rotates the flexed knee, and flexes the knee
popliteus
this muscle inverts the foot and dorsi flex the ankle
tibialis anterior
extensor digitorum brevis
where can you palpate the popliteal artery
deep in the popliteal fossa
what is the plantar aponeurosis
a thick superficial band of fascia stretching from the heel to the ball of the foot
this muscle plantar flexes the ankle
soleus
this muscle extends the 2nd through 5th toe, dorsi flex the ankle and evert the foot
extensor digitorum longus
this muscle flexes the 5th toe and assists to abduct the 5th toe
abductor digiti minimi
where can the common fibular nerve be palpated
superficially along the posterior/lateral side of the knee(medial to the bicep femoris tendon and lateral to the gastrocnemius belly)
where is the posterior tibial artery
superficially inferior and posterior to the medial malleolus
this muscle is a weak ankle planter flexor and weak flexion of the knee
plantaris
this muscle flexes the first toe, weak plantar flexor, and inverts the foot
flexor hallucis longus
this muscle flexes middle phalanges of the 2nd through 5th toes
flexor digitorum brevis
name the bones of the ankle and foot
calcaneus
cuboid
navicular
lateral/middle/medial cuneiforms
metatarsals
phalanges
where is the dorsal pedis artery located
superficially btw 1st and 2nd metatarsal bones
this muscle evets the foot and assists in plantar flexion
fibularis longus
this muscles inverts the foot, and planter flexes the ankle
tibialis posterior
this muscle abducts 1st toe and assists to flex first toe
abductor hallucis
where is the deltoid ligament located
originate at medial malleolus and fan distally at the talus, sustentaculum tali (landmark on medial talus), and navicular
-designed to protect against medial stress
what is the purpose of the calcaneal bursae
it serves to cushion the tendon against the calcaneus