An opinion that agrees with the disposition of the case but is written to express a particular judge's reasoning
What is a concurring opinion?
100
Cases, statutes, constitutions and regulations are examples of this type of authority
What is primary authority?
100
The names of all the federal circuits
What are the 1st-11th, federal and D.C. circuits?
100
This type of authority is never binding, but may be persuasive.
What is secondary authority?
100
Single or multi-volume books on a particular legal subject
What is a treatise?
200
As soon as this type of opinion is issued by the court it is binding even though it hasn't been published in a reporter yet
What is a slip opinion?
200
The name of the federal trial court that hears cases from Dane County, Wisconsin
What is the U.S. District Court for the Western District of Wisconsin?
200
The date, after which, you can cite to an unpublished and authored opinion in Wisconsin.
What is July 1, 2009?
200
This court's decisions are binding authority when the federal district court is hearing a diversity case involving only Wisconsin state law.
What is the Wisconsin Supreme Court?
200
Useful for their depth of analysis and extensive footnotes, they are usually written by law students or professors and they often deal with developing or specialized areas of the law
What is a law review or law journal article?
300
The formal name for the federal appellate court that hears cases that eminate from Wisconsin
What is the U.S. Seventh Circuit Court of Appeals
300
The name of the unofficial reporter that contains cases from the state of Wisconsin and other nearby states, including Illinois?
What is the Northwestern Reporter?
300
KeyCite, B-Cite and Shepards are all examples of this type of service.
What are online citators?
300
This court's decisions are binding on the Wisconsin Supreme Court deciding an issue of federal law.
What is the U.S. Supreme Court?
300
A collection of headnotes from all reported cases only in Wisconsin arranged in topic and key number order.
What is West's Wisconsin digest?
400
The name of the trial court that hears cases in Wisconsin?
What is a circuit court?
400
The formal name for the official reporter that publishes federal district court decisions.
What is the Federal Supplement?
400
A summary of principles of law set forth in a particular case that are prepared by editors at West.
What are headnotes found in Westlaw Next or the West Group print version of judicial opinions?
400
Ever since Marbury v. Madison U.S. courts have had this power to declare statutes unconstitutional.
What is judicial review?
400
Each one of these is based on a significant case, these collect information and authorities related to the subject of that case from all U.S. jurisdictions. The full name of the series is "American Law Reports"
What are A.L.R. Annotations?
500
The type of review that gives an appellate the ability to decide whether to hear a case or not.
What is discretionary review
500
A legal term used to refer to a case to be heard before all judges of a court.
What is en banc?
500
This publication contains copies of statutes published in order of the date of enactment.
What are the session laws?
500
Because Wisconsin is a Unified Court system, these court's decisions in the four different districts are binding on each other.
What is the Wisconsin Courts of Appeals?
500
The two national legal encylopedias
What are American Jurisprudence 2d (Am Jur 2d) and Corpus Juris Secundum (CJS)?