Foundations of Law
This type of law is created by parliament and written in formal acts.
Statue Law
This guarantees that an accused person is considered innocent until proven guilty.
the presumption of innocence
This branch of government makes and changes laws.
the legislature
This right ensures victims can access updates about their case.
the right to information
This process involves reviewing and updating laws to remain fair and effective.
law reform
This judge‑made law develops through court decisions and relies on precedent.
Common Law
This determines which party must prove a case.
the burden of proof
This branch administers and enforces the law.
exectuvtive
This concept requires consent to be active, enthusiastic, and ongoing.
affirmative consent
This factor influences law reform by reflecting changing social values.
community expectations
This principle ensures all individuals and institutions are accountable to the law.
The rule of law
what is beyond a reasonable doubt?
This is the highest standard of proof in criminal law
This branch interprets the law and resolves disputes.
judiciary
This area of law focuses on rehabilitation for young offenders.
youth justice
This institution can influence public opinion and pressure governments.
media influcence
This principle divides power between the legislature, executive, and judiciary.
the seperation of powers
This requires decision‑makers to follow a fair process, regardless of the outcome.
procedural fairness
This system involves two opposing parties presenting their case before a neutral judge.
adversarial system
This refers to the shared values and behaviours expected by society.
community expectations
This theme includes parliament’s power to make laws and respond to public pressure.
power
This system requires the executive to be drawn from and accountable to parliament.
responsible governement
This courtroom process allows the opposing party to question a witness.
cross-examination
This parliamentary role involves holding the government accountable through debate and committees.
scrutinising governement
This principle balances fairness for victims, accused persons, and the community.
fairness and justice
This theme examines whether laws achieve justice and protect rights.
fairness and justice