History
What government program in 1934 made it easier to buy land outside cities?
National Housing Act
What are the two primary factors that contribute to sprawl?
population growth and increased per capita land consumption
How does sprawl limit transportation options?
leads to a lack of mass transit options
What is the impact of sprawl on the average person's driving habits?
increases the total miles driven
What happens to tax revenue when people move out of city centers?
it goes to the sprawling communities instead of the city
What act in 1956 improved roads between cities and suburbs?
What is the Federal-Aid Highway Act
Why has per capita land consumption increased in some areas?
people prefer space and privacy and dislike congestion
What is the average one-way commute time for people living in sprawling areas?
27 minutes
What is a consequence of being forced to drive due to sprawl?
more traffic accidents
How much more infrastructure cost does sprawling development require compared to compact urban development?
81 percent more
What were some reasons people considered moving to the suburbs a fair tradeoff?
additional space and privacy, cheaper real estate, cleaner neighborhoods, less crime, and better schools
How did Los Angeles's population density change from 1970 to 1990?
Grew by 9 percent
How does sprawl contribute to pollution?
increased carbon dioxide emissions from vehicles
What two factors have allowed workers to live farther from their jobs?
interstate highways and telecommunications
What demographic typically moves out to suburbs, affecting city revenue?
wealthier residents
What happened to inner cities as more people moved to the suburbs
they became poorer, with rising unemployment and crime
What was the growth in area for the Detroit urban area between 1970 and 1990, despite a population decline?
Expanded by 28 percent
What health issue is linked to physical inactivity promoted by sprawl?
obesity
How does sprawl influence the use of fossil fuels?
increases consumption due to reliance on cars
Why might declining cities struggle to maintain infrastructure?
they are left with residents who cannot provide the needed revenue
What term describes the spread of low-density urban or suburban development outward from an urban center?
Sprawl
What does the term "sprawl" mean to some people?
negative aspects like traffic jams, loss of habitat, and similar-looking houses
What are the ecosystem services provided by farms and forests that sprawl destroys?
resources, habitat for wildlife, and water cleansing
What is the relationship between sprawl and commute times?
sprawl increases, commute times also rise
What do advocates of sprawling development argue about tax revenues?
taxes from new developments will pay back the community