OUTBREAK (3.1.1)
This field studies patterns, causes, and control of diseases in populations.
What is epidemiology?
DOUBLE JEOPARDY: An organism that causes disease.
What is a pathogen?
The sequence: agent → reservoir → portal of exit → transmission → portal of entry → host.
What is the chain of infection?
Term meaning the cause of a disease.
What is etiology?
The first step in identifying bacteria.
What is culturing bacteria from patient samples?
Three bacterial shapes.
What are coccus, bacillus, spirillum?
The organization called to investigate the GNMH outbreak.
What is the Disease Defense Team (DDT)?
An infection occurs when this happens.
What is a pathogen invading and growing in a host?
Transmission by touching body fluids.
What is direct transmission?
Two sources of outbreak clues reviewed in Hospital Hub.
What are therapy animal logs and staff schedules?
DOUBLE JEOPARDY: Process used to separate bacteria on agar.
What is an isolation streak?
Gram positive bacteria appear this color.
What is purple?
DOUBLE JEOPARDY: The real life organization that is supposed to resemble the DDT.
Centers for Disease Control & Prevention (CDC)
The six categories of infectious agents.
What are prions, viruses, bacteria, protists, fungi, and helminths?
Transmission by air, objects, or insects.
What is indirect transmission?
Etiology of the flu.
What is a virus?
One colony comes from how many bacterial cells?
What is one cell?
Gram negative bacteria appear this color.
What is pink?
Why documenting patient information is critical during an outbreak.
What is to identify patterns and common exposures?
Five things pathogens must do to cause disease.
What are enter host, evade immune system, adhere, invade/colonize, and damage tissue?
Three portals of entry.
What are respiratory tract, GI tract, skin, urogenital tract, conjunctiva?
DOUBLE JEOPARDY: Etiology of athlete's foot.
What is fungus?
Why aseptic technique is important.
What is preventing contamination and protecting yourself?
Gram positive bacteria have this type of peptidoglycan layer.
What is thick?
The difference between an endemic, epidemic, and pandemic.
What is an endemic disease is consistently present in a specific region, an epidemic is a sudden increase in cases in one area, and a pandemic spreads across multiple countries or continents.
Difference between infectious and genetic diseases.
What is infectious diseases are contracted, genetic diseases are inherited?
DOUBLE JEOPARDY: Difference between innate, active (acquired), and active (artificial) immunity.
This type of immunity is present at birth and provides a rapid, non-specific defense. In contrast, one type of active immunity develops after natural exposure to a pathogen, while another develops after vaccination.
The goal after identifying the source of infection.
What is identifying the specific pathogen?
Correct bacterial naming format.
What is Genus capitalized, species lowercase, italicized (e.g., Escherichia coli)?
DOUBLE JEOPARDY: Why Gram negative bacteria can cause septic shock.
What is the lipopolysaccharide (LPS) layer triggering immune response?