Soil Formation
Soil Horizon
Soil Texture
Soil pH
Soil Erosion and Conservation
100
What is topography?
The arrangement of the natural and artificial physical features of an area.
100
What is the o horizon mostly made of?
Organic matter
100
Whats the function of clay?
Smallest block passage of water, and grab nutrients
100
What is soil pH?
Is the measure of acidity or alkalinity in the soil
100
What is soil erosion?
Soil erosion is the process of detachment and transportation of soil materials by water, wind, ice, and gravity.
200
What is Weathering? How does it depend on the area that is found?
Weathering is the most important factor determining the soil type because it gives enough time for different rock types that produce a similar soil. Its the is the breaking down of rocks and minerals. In a dry region the soil is dry, and in a tropical region the soil is moist.What is Weathering? How does it depend on the area that is found?
200
What is the A horizon?
The A horizon is the top soil. It is the darkest layer of the soil because it has the highest proportion of organic material.
200
Whats the function of silt?
Hold moisture
200
pH is on a scale of ____ to ______. 1 to 14
1 to 14
200
Name two ways on how soil erosion affects an aquatic environment.
Water clarity: As silt is suspended in the water the ability of light to filter through is diminished. This can directly affect aquatic plant such as algae and plankton which need sunlight to grow. Loss of oxygen: When silt is suspended in water the fish's gills have trouble getting the dissolved oxygen that the fish need to survive. Some species like trout and salmon are affected more than others. Also since algae can´t grow because there is not enough sunlight, less oxygen produced.
300
How long does it take for top soil formation?
It takes 500-1,000 years
300
What is the differnece between the A horizon and B horizon?
The A horizon is the top soil and the B horizon is the sub soil.
300
Whats the function of sand?
Biggest drain
300
What is a natural caused effect on soil pH?
Rainfall
300
What is overgrazing? Give an example.
Overgrazing is when farmers stock too many animals such as sheep, cattle or goats on their land. The animals damage the soil surface by eating the vegetation and either digging into wet soil or compacting dry soil with their hooves. This leads to the damaging of the soil structure as the level of nutrients is removed and the air between peds is compressed out. Examples can vary.
400
How is soil formed?
Rock is broken down by weathering and mixes with other materials on the surface
400
What is O Horizon?
O horizons are soil layers with a high percentage of organic matter.
400
What is the percent of clay, silt and sand for a ideal soil?
Silt 40% sand 40% Clay 20%
400
What is a human caused effect on soil pH?
Acid Rain
400
Name three soil conservation techniques.
Terracing, Wind breaks Crop Rotation, Efficient Watering
500
In what catagory can Parent Material be grouped?
Sedentary Transported Cumulous
500
What is the C Horizon?
C horizon is the lowest horizon from the ABC horizon.
500
Which is the biggest drain? sand, clay or silt.
Sand
500
Larger particles typically are found a few inches under the soil. T/F False
False
500
Why is loss of topsoil a concern for humans?
Top soil is required to grow the crops we need to survive.
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