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name given to all materials used to build objects that are obtained from raw materials
technical materials
a material that is obtained directly from nature
raw materials
a raw material that has been prepared or refined
natural material
a natural material that has been processed
processed material
difficult to scratch
easy to scratch
soft
difficult to break when hit
tough
easy to break when hit
brittle
can be deformed and returns to its original shape
elastic
can be deformed but does not return to its original shape
plastic
can be flattened into sheets
malleable
can be shaped into threads or wires
ductile
a material that lets electricity, heat, or sound pass through it
conductor
a material that does not let electricity, heat, or sound pass through it
insulator
these woods are very easy to work with, cheap, and of uniform quality
softwoods
- sliver colored and shiny
- very resistant to corrosion and very ductile and malleable
- found in metal coils used as filler material in soldering
tin
- bright, red-colored
- very good conductor of heat and electricity
- found in wires, water and gas pipes, motor windings
copper
a cheap material made from wood, such as plywood, chipboard, or paper
wood product or wood derivative
the solid, rigid part found underneath the bark of tree trunks
wood
these types of woods are more expensive and diificult to work with, but they give a better-quality finish
hardwoods
- shiny, white, cheap and easy to recycle
- very lightweight, a good conductor of heat and electricity
- non-toxic and can be used in food packaging
aluminium
- bluish-white color and one of the least-common materials
- resistant to corrosion and oxidation
- often used to coat and protect other metals
zinc
- soft, ductile, and malleable
- rusts easily and very brittle with its low concentration of carbon
- not a lot of real world applications but is used in magnets
iron
- made from iron
- hard, very durable and economical
- widely used in industry and can be used in nuts and bolts
steel
- hard but brittle
- used in manufacturing engines, machine tool structures, manhole covers, streetlights
cast iron