Church Power
This person was the supreme head of the Roman Catholic Church.
Who was the pope?
This was the title of the bishop of Rome and head of the Catholic Church.
What was the pope?
Medieval Christians believed that following Church teachings could lead to this: eternal life in heaven.
What was salvation?
A journey to a holy site for religious reasons was called this.
What was a pilgrimage?
This man developed the monastic lifestyle in western Europe and created a famous set of rules.
Who was Saint Benedict?
The Church became Europe's largest landholder by about this year.
What was 1050?
These Church leaders ranked directly below the pope and helped advise him.
Who were the cardinals?
These sacred rites were believed to bring Christians God's grace.
What were sacraments?
This English cathedral was a major destination for medieval pilgrims.
What was Canterbury Cathedral?
Benedictine monks promised poverty, chastity, and this third vow.
What was obedience?
Medieval Church members were expected to give one-tenth of their money, produce, or labor to the Church. What was this tax called?
What was a tithe?
Archbishops oversaw large areas called these.
What were archdioceses?
Medieval Europeans sometimes called their time the "Age of Faith" because this was so widespread.
What was Christian belief/religion?
Pilgrims sometimes traveled together because of this danger.
What were robbers?
Monks used this special writing room to copy books by hand.
What was the scriptorium?
Church officials had political influence partly because they were often the only people who could do this.
What was read and write?
Bishops governed these areas, which contained local parishes.
What were dioceses?
Medieval people sometimes believed storms, disease, and famine were these from God.
What were punishments?
These military expeditions were organized by Western European Christians to recover Jerusalem and other holy sites.
What were the Crusades?
Unlike monks who generally lived in monasteries, these religious men traveled among ordinary people to preach and help the poor.
Who were friars?
Pope Gregory VII's conflict with Henry IV demonstrated that the pope could exercise authority over even this type of ruler.
Who was an emperor?
Put these Church leaders in order from highest to lowest: priests, pope, bishops, cardinals, archbishops.
What is pope → cardinals → archbishops → bishops → priests?
Why might the Church have had such a powerful influence over people's daily lives?
Because it was involved in religion, education, community activities, charity, politics, and important life events.
Give two different reasons why a medieval person might have gone on a pilgrimage or Crusade.
Possible answers include religious devotion, penance, seeking salvation, seeking wealth, adventure, or attempting to cure an illness.
Why was the work of monks copying books especially important during the Middle Ages?
They preserved ancient and medieval knowledge that might otherwise have been lost.