A View Of Life
What is biology?
The study of life
What are organic compounds?
Compounds of which backbone are built of carbon atoms
What is the basic unit of life?
The Cell
What is DNA?
Coded genetic information
What is one sugar molecule called? 2 sugar molecules? Many sugar molecules?
Monosacharide, disaccharide, polysaccharide
What is a hypothesis?
A tentative explanation for observations or phenomena
Name the 4 macromolecules
Carbohydrates
Nucleic Acids
Proteins
Lipids
What kind of cell has non-membrane bound organelles?
The prokaryote
What is Mitosis?
When a parent cell transmits one copy of
every chromosome to each of its two
daughter cells
What is evolution?
The process by which populations of organisms change over time
Define DNA
A molecule that makes up genes
What is a hydrolysis reaction?
A chemical process where a water molecule is used to break down a larger molecule into smaller components
Where is DNA located in prokaryotic cells?
The nucleoid
What is meiosis?
It is in sexual reproduction, the
chromosome number is reduced in half to
produce eggs and sperm, then the original
number is restored in the zygote
What does the chlorophyll do?
Convert Light Energy to Chemical Energy via Photosynthesis
Name 3 of the 6 characteristics of life
–Are composed of cells
–Grow and develop
–Regulate their metabolic processes
–Respond to stimuli
–Reproduce
–Adapt to the environment
What is adenosine triphosphate (ATP)?
The primary energy molecule of all cells
What is the cell theory?
•Cells are the basic living units of organization and function in all organisms
•All cells come from other cells
•All living cells have a common origin
What are the phases of mitosis?
Intraphase, Prophase, Prometaphase, Metaphase, Anaphase, Telophase
What are the end results of mitosis and meiosis?
Mitosis- 2 diploid, identical daughter cells
Meiosis- 4 haploid, unique daughter cells
What are the 5 levels of organisms in order?
Cell
Tissue
Organ
Organ system
Organism
What are the 3 most common polysaccharides?
Starches
Glycogen
Cellulose
What type of cells are peroxisomes abundant in?
Human liver and kidney cells
What are the phases of cell meiosis?
Prophase I, Metaphase I, Anaphase I, Telophase I, Prophase II, Metaphase II, Anaphase II, Telophase II
What is a Linnaean system?
A binomial system of nomenclature because each species has a two-part name