Hormones + Mechanisms of Action
chemicals secreted by endocrine cells INTO BLOOD to REGULATE ACTIVITY at A DISTANCE
what is a hormone?
Caused by a deficiency in iodine
A hormone released when there is low glucose levels in the blood
What is glucagon?
A endocrine gland regulated by ACTH
What is the adrenal cortex?
A gland that does not make hormones, but releases hormones
What is the posterior pituitary gland?
What are steroid hormones?
A hypersecretion of GH after puberty
What is acromegaly?
A feedback loop that promotes normal cell metabolism (breaks down fat to convert to glucose for energy), and suppresses inflammation (done by decreasing demean and reducing pain)
What is the feedback loop of glucocorticoids?
A hormone that affects other endocrine glands
What is a tropic hormone?
A gland that has both endocrine and exocrine functions
What is the liver?
Behaves like a steroid hormine, but is a type of amine hormone
What are thyroid hormones?
An endocrine disorder where there is an inability to relax, heat intolerance, high BMR, and exophthalmos
What is hyperthyroidism?
A feedback loop that can stimulate protein synthesis and maturation of the nervous system, as well as increasing BMR in most cells
What is the thyroid hormone feedback loop?
A gland made of two types of tissue (neural and endocrine)
What is the pituitary gland?
A gland that releases melatonin
What is the pineal gland?
A type of stimulus that causes hormones to be released by altered levels of ions/nutrients
What is humoral stimulus?
A endocrine disorder that can result in dry skin, protruding tongue, dwarfism, etc. in infants. If left untreated, there will be severe mental disabilities
What is cretinism?
A feedback loop that regulates blood pressure by regulating mineral content of the blood, and water/electrolyte balance
What is RAAS?
A hormone that, if not released from the hypothalamus, will prevent the release of gonadotropins
What is GnRH?
A organ that has transmembrane enzymes that will create active angiotensin II
What are the lungs?
A signal transduction mechanism that has two different second messenger systems
What is GPCR-Phospholipase C Signal Transduction?
A endocrine disorder that causes moon face and dark striations on the skin
What is hypercortisolism?
A feedback loop that utilizes osteoclasts to maintain balance of a certain mineral in the blood
What is the blood calcium feedback loop?
A hormone that inhibits prolactin
What is dopamine?
A part of a endocrine organ that receives neural input (nerve impulses)
What is the adrenal medulla?