Endocrine Basics
This adrenal hormone is strongly associated with the body's stress response?
What are cortisol?
Known as the “master gland.”
What is the pituitary gland?
These pancreatic structures contain endocrine cells that regulate glucose metabolism.
What are the islets of Langerhans?
This organ secretes renin.
What are the kidneys?
A patient with symptomatic bradycardia receives atropine. Atropine blocks the action of which neurotransmitter on muscarinic receptors?
What is Acetylcholine?
The endocrine system primarily helps maintain this.
What is homeostasis?
Which pituitary lobe releases ADH and oxytocin?
What is Posterior pituitary?
The pancreas plays a major role in regulating this substance used for cellular energy.
What is glucose?
Function of the Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone System
What is a system that helps regulate blood pressure?
A patient with suspected thyroid storm is severely hyperthermic and altered. What immediate supportive treatment should EMS provide?
What is active cooling?
This structure links the nervous and endocrine systems.
What is the hypothalamus?
This hormone stimulates the thyroid gland.
What is TSH?
Besides glucose, the pancreas also plays a role in regulating this type of metabolism.
What is fat metabolism?
This adrenal hormone helps regulate sodium, potassium, and blood pressure.
What is aldosterone?
A patient is tachycardic, febrile, and confused with severe hyperthyroidism. What medication class can reduce adrenergic effects?
What are beta-blockers?
This organ has endocrine islets and exocrine acinar cells.
What is the pancreas?
These two hormones are involved in reproduction, including ovulation and sperm/egg maturation.
What are LH and FSH?
A diabetic patient has abdominal pain, vomiting, and rapid deep respirations. Which metabolic complication is suspected?
What is diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA)?
A patient becomes hypotensive after major fluid loss. Which hormone begins the RAAS response?
What is renin?
A patient is confused, tremulous, and diaphoretic with a glucose of 42 mg/dL. IV access is unavailable. What medication can rapidly raise glucose?
What is glucagon?
Hormone levels rise, then their stimulating signals decrease. What feedback is occurring?
What is negative feedback?
A patient develops excessive urination after head trauma. Which hormone deficiency could explain it?
What is ADH?
A patient with DKA is dehydrated and hypotensive. What treatment should be initiated first?
What are IV fluids?
Chronic hypoxia triggers the kidneys to release this hormone.
What is erythropoietin (EPO)?
A patient with adrenal insufficiency is hypotensive, weak, and vomiting. After fluids, what classification of drugs would help this patient?
What are corticosteroids?