MICROORGANISMS & CELLS
What are bacteria?
They are single-celled organisms without a nucleus.
This scientist is known as the 'Father of Genetics' for discovering the principles of inheritance through pea plant experiments.
Who is Gregor Mendel?
This is the lens at the top of a microscope that you look through with your eye.
What is the eyepiece?
This is the broadest taxonomic rank that includes all organisms with similar basic body plans, such as Animalia or Plantae.
What is kingdom?
All living organisms are composed of one or more of these basic units of life.
What are cells?
What is the 'powerhouse of the cell'?
The mitochondria is known as this because it produces energy for the cell through cellular respiration.
In a Punnett square for a monohybrid cross, if both parents are heterozygous (Aa), this is the probability that their offspring will be homozygous recessive.
What is 25% or 1/4?
When using a microscope you start on the _______ setting with regards to magnification.
lowest magnification.
These are the 7 taxonomic levels of classification in order from broadest to most specific.
What is Kingdom, Phylum, Class, Order, Family, Genus, Species?
This characteristic of life describes how organisms maintain stable internal conditions despite changes in their external environment.
What is homeostasis?
What is a chloroplast?
This organelle in plant cells captures light energy and converts it into chemical energy through photosynthesis.
The physical characteristic expressed by an organism, such as eye color or seed texture, is called this.
What is a phenotype?
the most important part of the microscope is the ________.
Be specific but open answer.
The scientific name of an organism includes these two taxonomic ranks and is written in italics with the first word capitalized.
What is Genus and Species?
These two characteristics of life are demonstrated when a human being eats food, breaks it down, and uses it to build muscle tissue.
What is metabolism and growth?
What are viruses?
These non-living particles can only reproduce by taking over a host cell and using its machinery.
In a cross between a tall plant (TT) and a short plant (tt), all offspring are tall (Tt). This demonstrates that the tall allele is this type of allele.
What is dominant?
Explain why some areas grow more microorganisms.
The amount of moisture and light in an area. Also the amount of interaction (do a lot of people touch that space).
Two organisms share the Kingdom, Phylum, Class, and Order, but differ at the Family level. This means they are more closely related than two organisms that differ at the Phylum level. Why is this true?
What is: they share more taxonomic ranks, meaning they have a more recent common ancestor?
A plant grows toward sunlight and a dog runs toward the sound of its owner's voice. This characteristic of life is demonstrated because the organisms are doing this in response to their environment.
What is responding to the environment?
Why are protists considered the "junk drawer" of microorganisms? Why is it important to classify them in their own category? (be specific)
Some are kind of like plants, animals, or fungi, but not entirely any of these things. It is important to classify them in their own category so that we can understand them better.
Two parents with the genotypes Aa and Aa undergo a monohybrid cross. The baby has the assumed higher probability trait and then has a kid with another adult with aa, what is the probability that kiddo will exhibit AA?
What is 0% chance.
What would life be like if we did not have microscopes?
open answer, but must mention microorganisms and disease.
A biologist discovers a new organism and must classify it. Based on its characteristics, it has a nucleus, cell wall, and performs photosynthesis. Therefore, she should place it in this Kingdom, and these are three characteristics that helped her make this decision.
What is Plantae?
Evolution is the characteristic of life that describes how populations change over time. A specific example would be when bacteria develop resistance to antibiotics, becoming better adapted to their environment over successive generations. Explain this process.
What is an explanation of evolution and/or adaptation?